Drive-sense control for extended sensor panels

ABSTRACT

A touch sensor device includes a first panel, a second panel, and a drive-sense circuit (DSC). The first panel that includes first electrodes arranged in a first direction and second electrodes arranged in a second direction. The second panel includes third electrodes arranged in a third direction and fourth electrodes arranged in a fourth direction. The DSC is operably coupled via a single line to a coupling of a first electrode of the first electrodes and a first electrode of the third electrodes. The DSC is configured to provide the signal, which is generated based on a reference signal, via the single line to the coupling and simultaneously to sense the signal via the single line. The DSC generates a digital signal representative of the at least one electrical characteristic associated with the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or the first electrode of the third electrodes.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present U.S. Utility patent application claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 120 as a continuation of U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 17/142,569, entitled “Drive-Sense Control for Extended Sensor Panels,” filed Jan. 6, 2021, which claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/958,098, entitled “Drive-Sense Control for Extended Sensor Panels,” filed Jan. 7, 2020, both of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and made part of the present U.S. Utility patent application for all purposes.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not Applicable.

INCORPORATION-BY-REFERENCE OF MATERIAL SUBMITTED ON A COMPACT DISC

Not Applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention

This invention relates generally to data communication systems and more particularly to sensed data collection and/or communication.

Description of Related Art

Sensors are used in a wide variety of applications ranging from in-home automation, to industrial systems, to health care, to transportation, and so on. For example, sensors are placed in bodies, automobiles, airplanes, boats, ships, trucks, motorcycles, cell phones, televisions, touch-screens, industrial plants, appliances, motors, checkout counters, etc. for the variety of applications.

In general, a sensor converts a physical quantity into an electrical or optical signal. For example, a sensor converts a physical phenomenon, such as a biological condition, a chemical condition, an electric condition, an electromagnetic condition, a temperature, a magnetic condition, mechanical motion (position, velocity, acceleration, force, pressure), an optical condition, and/or a radioactivity condition, into an electrical signal.

A sensor includes a transducer, which functions to convert one form of energy (e.g., force) into another form of energy (e.g., electrical signal). There are a variety of transducers to support the various applications of sensors. For example, a transducer is capacitor, a piezoelectric transducer, a piezoresistive transducer, a thermal transducer, a thermal-couple, a photoconductive transducer such as a photoresistor, a photodiode, and/or phototransistor.

A sensor circuit is coupled to a sensor to provide the sensor with power and to receive the signal representing the physical phenomenon from the sensor. The sensor circuit includes at least three electrical connections to the sensor: one for a power supply; another for a common voltage reference (e.g., ground); and a third for receiving the signal representing the physical phenomenon. The signal representing the physical phenomenon will vary from the power supply voltage to ground as the physical phenomenon changes from one extreme to another (for the range of sensing the physical phenomenon).

The sensor circuits provide the received sensor signals to one or more computing devices for processing. A computing device is known to communicate data, process data, and/or store data. The computing device may be a cellular phone, a laptop, a tablet, a personal computer (PC), a work station, a video game device, a server, and/or a data center that support millions of web searches, stock trades, or on-line purchases every hour.

The computing device processes the sensor signals for a variety of applications. For example, the computing device processes sensor signals to determine temperatures of a variety of items in a refrigerated truck during transit. As another example, the computing device processes the sensor signals to determine a touch on a touchscreen. As yet another example, the computing device processes the sensor signals to determine various data points in a production line of a product.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communication system in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a computing device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5A is a schematic plot diagram of a computing subsystem in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5B is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5C is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5D is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5E is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a drive center circuit in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6A is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a drive sense circuit in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an example of a power signal graph in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an example of a sensor graph in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11A is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a power signal change detection circuit in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a drive-sense circuit in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a touchscreen display in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a touchscreen display in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18A is a logic diagram of an embodiment of a method for sensing a touch on a touchscreen display in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18B is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a drive sense circuit in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a drive sense circuit in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a DSC that is interactive with an electrode in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a DSC that is interactive with an electrode in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 22A is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 22B and FIG. 22C are schematic block diagrams of embodiments of mutual signaling within a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an extended touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 24A is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an extended touch sensor device including signaling via respective sets of rows and columns in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 24B is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an extended touch sensor device including signaling via respective sets of rows and columns in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an extended touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an extended touch sensor device including variable resolution and interoperable sensor panels in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an extended matrix touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an extended touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located and independently operable sensor panels in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 32 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 33 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention; and

FIG. 34 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device including variable resolution and interoperable sensor panels in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communication system 10 that includes a plurality of computing devices 12-10, one or more servers 22, one or more databases 24, one or more networks 26, a plurality of drive-sense circuits 28, a plurality of sensors 30, and a plurality of actuators 32. Computing devices 14 include a touchscreen 16 with sensors and drive-sensor circuits and computing devices 18 include a touch & tactic screen 20 that includes sensors, actuators, and drive-sense circuits.

A sensor 30 functions to convert a physical input into an electrical output and/or an optical output. The physical input of a sensor may be one of a variety of physical input conditions. For example, the physical condition includes one or more of, but is not limited to, acoustic waves (e.g., amplitude, phase, polarization, spectrum, and/or wave velocity); a biological and/or chemical condition (e.g., fluid concentration, level, composition, etc.); an electric condition (e.g., charge, voltage, current, conductivity, permittivity, eclectic field, which includes amplitude, phase, and/or polarization); a magnetic condition (e.g., flux, permeability, magnetic field, which amplitude, phase, and/or polarization); an optical condition (e.g., refractive index, reflectivity, absorption, etc.); a thermal condition (e.g., temperature, flux, specific heat, thermal conductivity, etc.); and a mechanical condition (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, force, strain, stress, pressure, torque, etc.). For example, piezoelectric sensor converts force or pressure into an eclectic signal. As another example, a microphone converts audible acoustic waves into electrical signals.

There are a variety of types of sensors to sense the various types of physical conditions. Sensor types include, but are not limited to, capacitor sensors, inductive sensors, accelerometers, piezoelectric sensors, light sensors, magnetic field sensors, ultrasonic sensors, temperature sensors, infrared (IR) sensors, touch sensors, proximity sensors, pressure sensors, level sensors, smoke sensors, and gas sensors. In many ways, sensors function as the interface between the physical world and the digital world by converting real world conditions into digital signals that are then processed by computing devices for a vast number of applications including, but not limited to, medical applications, production automation applications, home environment control, public safety, and so on.

The various types of sensors have a variety of sensor characteristics that are factors in providing power to the sensors, receiving signals from the sensors, and/or interpreting the signals from the sensors. The sensor characteristics include resistance, reactance, power requirements, sensitivity, range, stability, repeatability, linearity, error, response time, and/or frequency response. For example, the resistance, reactance, and/or power requirements are factors in determining drive circuit requirements. As another example, sensitivity, stability, and/or linear are factors for interpreting the measure of the physical condition based on the received electrical and/or optical signal (e.g., measure of temperature, pressure, etc.).

An actuator 32 converts an electrical input into a physical output. The physical output of an actuator may be one of a variety of physical output conditions. For example, the physical output condition includes one or more of, but is not limited to, acoustic waves (e.g., amplitude, phase, polarization, spectrum, and/or wave velocity); a magnetic condition (e.g., flux, permeability, magnetic field, which amplitude, phase, and/or polarization); a thermal condition (e.g., temperature, flux, specific heat, thermal conductivity, etc.); and a mechanical condition (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, force, strain, stress, pressure, torque, etc.). As an example, a piezoelectric actuator converts voltage into force or pressure. As another example, a speaker converts electrical signals into audible acoustic waves.

An actuator 32 may be one of a variety of actuators. For example, an actuator 32 is one of a comb drive, a digital micro-mirror device, an electric motor, an electroactive polymer, a hydraulic cylinder, a piezoelectric actuator, a pneumatic actuator, a screw jack, a servomechanism, a solenoid, a stepper motor, a shape-memory allow, a thermal bimorph, and a hydraulic actuator.

The various types of actuators have a variety of actuators characteristics that are factors in providing power to the actuator and sending signals to the actuators for desired performance. The actuator characteristics include resistance, reactance, power requirements, sensitivity, range, stability, repeatability, linearity, error, response time, and/or frequency response. For example, the resistance, reactance, and power requirements are factors in determining drive circuit requirements. As another example, sensitivity, stability, and/or linear are factors for generating the signaling to send to the actuator to obtain the desired physical output condition.

The computing devices 12, 14, and 18 may each be a portable computing device and/or a fixed computing device. A portable computing device may be a social networking device, a gaming device, a cell phone, a smart phone, a digital assistant, a digital music player, a digital video player, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a tablet, a video game controller, and/or any other portable device that includes a computing core. A fixed computing device may be a computer (PC), a computer server, a cable set-top box, a satellite receiver, a television set, a printer, a fax machine, home entertainment equipment, a video game console, and/or any type of home or office computing equipment. The computing devices 12, 14, and 18 will be discussed in greater detail with reference to one or more of FIGS. 2-4.

A server 22 is a special type of computing device that is optimized for processing large amounts of data requests in parallel. A server 22 includes similar components to that of the computing devices 12, 14, and/or 18 with more robust processing modules, more main memory, and/or more hard drive memory (e.g., solid state, hard drives, etc.). Further, a server 22 is typically accessed remotely; as such it does not generally include user input devices and/or user output devices. In addition, a server may be a standalone separate computing device and/or may be a cloud computing device.

A database 24 is a special type of computing device that is optimized for large scale data storage and retrieval. A database 24 includes similar components to that of the computing devices 12, 14, and/or 18 with more hard drive memory (e.g., solid state, hard drives, etc.) and potentially with more processing modules and/or main memory. Further, a database 24 is typically accessed remotely; as such it does not generally include user input devices and/or user output devices. In addition, a database 24 may be a standalone separate computing device and/or may be a cloud computing device.

The network 26 includes one more local area networks (LAN) and/or one or more wide area networks WAN), which may be a public network and/or a private network. A LAN may be a wireless-LAN (e.g., Wi-Fi access point, Bluetooth, ZigBee, etc.) and/or a wired network (e.g., Firewire, Ethernet, etc.). A WAN may be a wired and/or wireless WAN. For example, a LAN may be a personal home or business's wireless network and a WAN is the Internet, cellular telephone infrastructure, and/or satellite communication infrastructure.

In an example of operation, computing device 12-1 communicates with a plurality of drive-sense circuits 28, which, in turn, communicate with a plurality of sensors 30. The sensors 30 and/or the drive-sense circuits 28 are within the computing device 12-1 and/or external to it. For example, the sensors 30 may be external to the computing device 12-1 and the drive-sense circuits are within the computing device 12-1. As another example, both the sensors 30 and the drive-sense circuits 28 are external to the computing device 12-1. When the drive-sense circuits 28 are external to the computing device, they are coupled to the computing device 12-1 via wired and/or wireless communication links as will be discussed in greater detail with reference to one or more of FIGS. 5A-5C.

The computing device 12-1 communicates with the drive-sense circuits 28 to; (a) turn them on, (b) obtain data from the sensors (individually and/or collectively), (c) instruct the drive sense circuit on how to communicate the sensed data to the computing device 12-1, (d) provide signaling attributes (e.g., DC level, AC level, frequency, power level, regulated current signal, regulated voltage signal, regulation of an impedance, frequency patterns for various sensors, different frequencies for different sensing applications, etc.) to use with the sensors, and/or (e) provide other commands and/or instructions.

As a specific example, the sensors 30 are distributed along a pipeline to measure flow rate and/or pressure within a section of the pipeline. The drive-sense circuits 28 have their own power source (e.g., battery, power supply, etc.) and are proximally located to their respective sensors 30. At desired time intervals (milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, etc.), the drive-sense circuits 28 provide a regulated source signal or a power signal to the sensors 30. An electrical characteristic of the sensor 30 affects the regulated source signal or power signal, which is reflective of the condition (e.g., the flow rate and/or the pressure) that sensor is sensing.

The drive-sense circuits 28 detect the effects on the regulated source signal or power signals as a result of the electrical characteristics of the sensors. The drive-sense circuits 28 then generate signals representative of change to the regulated source signal or power signal based on the detected effects on the power signals. The changes to the regulated source signals or power signals are representative of the conditions being sensed by the sensors 30.

The drive-sense circuits 28 provide the representative signals of the conditions to the computing device 12-1. A representative signal may be an analog signal or a digital signal. In either case, the computing device 12-1 interprets the representative signals to determine the pressure and/or flow rate at each sensor location along the pipeline. The computing device may then provide this information to the server 22, the database 24, and/or to another computing device for storing and/or further processing.

As another example of operation, computing device 12-2 is coupled to a drive-sense circuit 28, which is, in turn, coupled to a senor 30. The sensor 30 and/or the drive-sense circuit 28 may be internal and/or external to the computing device 12-2. In this example, the sensor 30 is sensing a condition that is particular to the computing device 12-2. For example, the sensor 30 may be a temperature sensor, an ambient light sensor, an ambient noise sensor, etc. As described above, when instructed by the computing device 12-2 (which may be a default setting for continuous sensing or at regular intervals), the drive-sense circuit 28 provides the regulated source signal or power signal to the sensor 30 and detects an effect to the regulated source signal or power signal based on an electrical characteristic of the sensor. The drive-sense circuit generates a representative signal of the affect and sends it to the computing device 12-2.

In another example of operation, computing device 12-3 is coupled to a plurality of drive-sense circuits 28 that are coupled to a plurality of sensors 30 and is coupled to a plurality of drive-sense circuits 28 that are coupled to a plurality of actuators 32. The generally functionality of the drive-sense circuits 28 coupled to the sensors 30 in accordance with the above description.

Since an actuator 32 is essentially an inverse of a sensor in that an actuator converts an electrical signal into a physical condition, while a sensor converts a physical condition into an electrical signal, the drive-sense circuits 28 can be used to power actuators 32. Thus, in this example, the computing device 12-3 provides actuation signals to the drive-sense circuits 28 for the actuators 32. The drive-sense circuits modulate the actuation signals on to power signals or regulated control signals, which are provided to the actuators 32. The actuators 32 are powered from the power signals or regulated control signals and produce the desired physical condition from the modulated actuation signals.

As another example of operation, computing device 12-x is coupled to a drive-sense circuit 28 that is coupled to a sensor 30 and is coupled to a drive-sense circuit 28 that is coupled to an actuator 32. In this example, the sensor 30 and the actuator 32 are for use by the computing device 12-x. For example, the sensor 30 may be a piezoelectric microphone and the actuator 32 may be a piezoelectric speaker.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a computing device 12 (e.g., any one of 12-1 through 12-x). The computing device 12 includes a core control module 40, one or more processing modules 42, one or more main memories 44, cache memory 46, a video graphics processing module 48, a display 50, an Input-Output (I/O) peripheral control module 52, one or more input interface modules 56, one or more output interface modules 58, one or more network interface modules 60, and one or more memory interface modules 62. A processing module 42 is described in greater detail at the end of the detailed description of the invention section and, in an alternative embodiment, has a direction connection to the main memory 44. In an alternate embodiment, the core control module 40 and the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52 are one module, such as a chipset, a quick path interconnect (QPI), and/or an ultra-path interconnect (UPI).

Each of the main memories 44 includes one or more Random Access Memory (RAM) integrated circuits, or chips. For example, a main memory 44 includes four DDR4 (4^(th) generation of double data rate) RAM chips, each running at a rate of 2,400 MHz. In general, the main memory 44 stores data and operational instructions most relevant for the processing module 42. For example, the core control module 40 coordinates the transfer of data and/or operational instructions from the main memory 44 and the memory 64-66. The data and/or operational instructions retrieve from memory 64-66 are the data and/or operational instructions requested by the processing module or will most likely be needed by the processing module. When the processing module is done with the data and/or operational instructions in main memory, the core control module 40 coordinates sending updated data to the memory 64-66 for storage.

The memory 64-66 includes one or more hard drives, one or more solid state memory chips, and/or one or more other large capacity storage devices that, in comparison to cache memory and main memory devices, is/are relatively inexpensive with respect to cost per amount of data stored. The memory 64-66 is coupled to the core control module 40 via the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52 and via one or more memory interface modules 62. In an embodiment, the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52 includes one or more Peripheral Component Interface (PCI) buses to which peripheral components connect to the core control module 40. A memory interface module 62 includes a software driver and a hardware connector for coupling a memory device to the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52. For example, a memory interface 62 is in accordance with a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) port.

The core control module 40 coordinates data communications between the processing module(s) 42 and the network(s) 26 via the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52, the network interface module(s) 60, and a network card 68 or 70. A network card 68 or 70 includes a wireless communication unit or a wired communication unit. A wireless communication unit includes a wireless local area network (WLAN) communication device, a cellular communication device, a Bluetooth device, and/or a ZigBee communication device. A wired communication unit includes a Gigabit LAN connection, a Firewire connection, and/or a proprietary computer wired connection. A network interface module 60 includes a software driver and a hardware connector for coupling the network card to the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52. For example, the network interface module 60 is in accordance with one or more versions of IEEE 802.11, cellular telephone protocols, 10/100/1000 Gigabit LAN protocols, etc.

The core control module 40 coordinates data communications between the processing module(s) 42 and input device(s) 72 via the input interface module(s) 56 and the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52. An input device 72 includes a keypad, a keyboard, control switches, a touchpad, a microphone, a camera, etc. An input interface module 56 includes a software driver and a hardware connector for coupling an input device to the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52. In an embodiment, an input interface module 56 is in accordance with one or more Universal Serial Bus (USB) protocols.

The core control module 40 coordinates data communications between the processing module(s) 42 and output device(s) 74 via the output interface module(s) 58 and the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52. An output device 74 includes a speaker, etc. An output interface module 58 includes a software driver and a hardware connector for coupling an output device to the I/O and/or peripheral control module 52. In an embodiment, an output interface module 56 is in accordance with one or more audio codec protocols.

The processing module 42 communicates directly with a video graphics processing module 48 to display data on the display 50. The display 50 includes an LED (light emitting diode) display, an LCD (liquid crystal display), and/or other type of display technology. The display has a resolution, an aspect ratio, and other features that affect the quality of the display. The video graphics processing module 48 receives data from the processing module 42, processes the data to produce rendered data in accordance with the characteristics of the display, and provides the rendered data to the display 50.

FIG. 2 further illustrates sensors 30 and actuators 32 coupled to drive-sense circuits 28, which are coupled to the input interface module 56 (e.g., USB port). Alternatively, one or more of the drive-sense circuits 28 is coupled to the computing device via a wireless network card (e.g., WLAN) or a wired network card (e.g., Gigabit LAN). While not shown, the computing device 12 further includes a BIOS (Basic Input Output System) memory coupled to the core control module 40.

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing device 14 that includes a core control module 40, one or more processing modules 42, one or more main memories 44, cache memory 46, a video graphics processing module 48, a touchscreen 16, an Input-Output (I/O) peripheral control module 52, one or more input interface modules 56, one or more output interface modules 58, one or more network interface modules 60, and one or more memory interface modules 62. The touchscreen 16 includes a touchscreen display 80, a plurality of sensors 30, a plurality of drive-sense circuits (DSC), and a touchscreen processing module 82.

Computing device 14 operates similarly to computing device 12 of FIG. 2 with the addition of a touchscreen as an input device. The touchscreen includes a plurality of sensors (e.g., electrodes, capacitor sensing cells, capacitor sensors, inductive sensor, etc.) to detect a proximal touch of the screen. For example, when one or more fingers touches the screen, capacitance of sensors proximal to the touch(es) are affected (e.g., impedance changes). The drive-sense circuits (DSC) coupled to the affected sensors detect the change and provide a representation of the change to the touchscreen processing module 82, which may be a separate processing module or integrated into the processing module 42.

The touchscreen processing module 82 processes the representative signals from the drive-sense circuits (DSC) to determine the location of the touch(es). This information is inputted to the processing module 42 for processing as an input. For example, a touch represents a selection of a button on screen, a scroll function, a zoom in-out function, etc.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing device 18 that includes a core control module 40, one or more processing modules 42, one or more main memories 44, cache memory 46, a video graphics processing module 48, a touch and tactile screen 20, an Input-Output (I/O) peripheral control module 52, one or more input interface modules 56, one or more output interface modules 58, one or more network interface modules 60, and one or more memory interface modules 62. The touch and tactile screen 20 includes a touch and tactile screen display 90, a plurality of sensors 30, a plurality of actuators 32, a plurality of drive-sense circuits (DSC), a touchscreen processing module 82, and a tactile screen processing module 92.

Computing device 18 operates similarly to computing device 14 of FIG. 3 with the addition of a tactile aspect to the screen 20 as an output device. The tactile portion of the screen 20 includes the plurality of actuators (e.g., piezoelectric transducers to create vibrations, solenoids to create movement, etc.) to provide a tactile feel to the screen 20. To do so, the processing module creates tactile data, which is provided to the appropriate drive-sense circuits (DSC) via the tactile screen processing module 92, which may be a stand-alone processing module or integrated into processing module 42. The drive-sense circuits (DSC) convert the tactile data into drive-actuate signals and provide them to the appropriate actuators to create the desired tactile feel on the screen 20.

FIG. 5A is a schematic plot diagram of a computing subsystem 25 that includes a sensed data processing module 65, a plurality of communication modules 61A-x, a plurality of processing modules 42A-x, a plurality of drive sense circuits 28, and a plurality of sensors 1-x, which may be sensors 30 of FIG. 1. The sensed data processing module 65 is one or more processing modules within one or more servers 22 and/or one more processing modules in one or more computing devices that are different than the computing devices in which processing modules 42A-x reside.

A drive-sense circuit 28 (or multiple drive-sense circuits), a processing module (e.g., 41A), and a communication module (e.g., 61A) are within a common computing device. Each grouping of a drive-sense circuit(s), processing module, and communication module is in a separate computing device. A communication module 61A-x is constructed in accordance with one or more wired communication protocol and/or one or more wireless communication protocols that is/are in accordance with the one or more of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model, the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) model, and other communication protocol module.

In an example of operation, a processing module (e.g., 42A) provides a control signal to its corresponding drive-sense circuit 28. The processing module 42 A may generate the control signal, receive it from the sensed data processing module 65, or receive an indication from the sensed data processing module 65 to generate the control signal. The control signal enables the drive-sense circuit 28 to provide a drive signal to its corresponding sensor. The control signal may further include a reference signal having one or more frequency components to facilitate creation of the drive signal and/or interpreting a sensed signal received from the sensor.

Based on the control signal, the drive-sense circuit 28 provides the drive signal to its corresponding sensor (e.g., 1) on a drive & sense line. While receiving the drive signal (e.g., a power signal, a regulated source signal, etc.), the sensor senses a physical condition 1-x (e.g., acoustic waves, a biological condition, a chemical condition, an electric condition, a magnetic condition, an optical condition, a thermal condition, and/or a mechanical condition). As a result of the physical condition, an electrical characteristic (e.g., impedance, voltage, current, capacitance, inductance, resistance, reactance, etc.) of the sensor changes, which affects the drive signal. Note that if the sensor is an optical sensor, it converts a sensed optical condition into an electrical characteristic.

The drive-sense circuit 28 detects the effect on the drive signal via the drive & sense line and processes the affect to produce a signal representative of power change, which may be an analog or digital signal. The processing module 42A receives the signal representative of power change, interprets it, and generates a value representing the sensed physical condition. For example, if the sensor is sensing pressure, the value representing the sensed physical condition is a measure of pressure (e.g., x PSI (pounds per square inch)).

In accordance with a sensed data process function (e.g., algorithm, application, etc.), the sensed data processing module 65 gathers the values representing the sensed physical conditions from the processing modules. Since the sensors 1-x may be the same type of sensor (e.g., a pressure sensor), may each be different sensors, or a combination thereof; the sensed physical conditions may be the same, may each be different, or a combination thereof. The sensed data processing module 65 processes the gathered values to produce one or more desired results. For example, if the computing subsystem 25 is monitoring pressure along a pipeline, the processing of the gathered values indicates that the pressures are all within normal limits or that one or more of the sensed pressures is not within normal limits.

As another example, if the computing subsystem 25 is used in a manufacturing facility, the sensors are sensing a variety of physical conditions, such as acoustic waves (e.g., for sound proofing, sound generation, ultrasound monitoring, etc.), a biological condition (e.g., a bacterial contamination, etc.) a chemical condition (e.g., composition, gas concentration, etc.), an electric condition (e.g., current levels, voltage levels, electro-magnetic interference, etc.), a magnetic condition (e.g., induced current, magnetic field strength, magnetic field orientation, etc.), an optical condition (e.g., ambient light, infrared, etc.), a thermal condition (e.g., temperature, etc.), and/or a mechanical condition (e.g., physical position, force, pressure, acceleration, etc.).

The computing subsystem 25 may further include one or more actuators in place of one or more of the sensors and/or in addition to the sensors. When the computing subsystem 25 includes an actuator, the corresponding processing module provides an actuation control signal to the corresponding drive-sense circuit 28. The actuation control signal enables the drive-sense circuit 28 to provide a drive signal to the actuator via a drive & actuate line (e.g., similar to the drive & sense line, but for the actuator). The drive signal includes one or more frequency components and/or amplitude components to facilitate a desired actuation of the actuator.

In addition, the computing subsystem 25 may include an actuator and sensor working in concert. For example, the sensor is sensing the physical condition of the actuator. In this example, a drive-sense circuit provides a drive signal to the actuator and another drive sense signal provides the same drive signal, or a scaled version of it, to the sensor. This allows the sensor to provide near immediate and continuous sensing of the actuator's physical condition. This further allows for the sensor to operate at a first frequency and the actuator to operate at a second frequency.

In an embodiment, the computing subsystem is a stand-alone system for a wide variety of applications (e.g., manufacturing, pipelines, testing, monitoring, security, etc.). In another embodiment, the computing subsystem 25 is one subsystem of a plurality of subsystems forming a larger system. For example, different subsystems are employed based on geographic location. As a specific example, the computing subsystem 25 is deployed in one section of a factory and another computing subsystem is deployed in another part of the factory. As another example, different subsystems are employed based function of the subsystems. As a specific example, one subsystem monitors a city's traffic light operation and another subsystem monitors the city's sewage treatment plants.

Regardless of the use and/or deployment of the computing system, the physical conditions it is sensing, and/or the physical conditions it is actuating, each sensor and each actuator (if included) is driven and sensed by a single line as opposed to separate drive and sense lines. This provides many advantages including, but not limited to, lower power requirements, better ability to drive high impedance sensors, lower line to line interference, and/or concurrent sensing functions.

FIG. 5B is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem 25 that includes a sensed data processing module 65, a communication module 61, a plurality of processing modules 42A-x, a plurality of drive sense circuits 28, and a plurality of sensors 1-x, which may be sensors 30 of FIG. 1. The sensed data processing module 65 is one or more processing modules within one or more servers 22 and/or one more processing modules in one or more computing devices that are different than the computing device, devices, in which processing modules 42A-x reside.

In an embodiment, the drive-sense circuits 28, the processing modules, and the communication module are within a common computing device. For example, the computing device includes a central processing unit that includes a plurality of processing modules. The functionality and operation of the sensed data processing module 65, the communication module 61, the processing modules 42A-x, the drive sense circuits 28, and the sensors 1-x are as discussed with reference to FIG. 5A.

FIG. 5C is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem 25 that includes a sensed data processing module 65, a communication module 61, a processing module 42, a plurality of drive sense circuits 28, and a plurality of sensors 1-x, which may be sensors 30 of FIG. 1. The sensed data processing module 65 is one or more processing modules within one or more servers 22 and/or one more processing modules in one or more computing devices that are different than the computing device in which the processing module 42 resides.

In an embodiment, the drive-sense circuits 28, the processing module, and the communication module are within a common computing device. The functionality and operation of the sensed data processing module 65, the communication module 61, the processing module 42, the drive sense circuits 28, and the sensors 1-x are as discussed with reference to FIG. 5A.

FIG. 5D is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem 25 that includes a processing module 42, a reference signal circuit 100, a plurality of drive sense circuits 28, and a plurality of sensors 30. The processing module 42 includes a drive-sense processing block 104, a drive-sense control block 102, and a reference control block 106. Each block 102-106 of the processing module 42 may be implemented via separate modules of the processing module, may be a combination of software and hardware within the processing module, and/or may be field programmable modules within the processing module 42.

In an example of operation, the drive-sense control block 104 generates one or more control signals to activate one or more of the drive-sense circuits 28. For example, the drive-sense control block 102 generates a control signal that enables of the drive-sense circuits 28 for a given period of time (e.g., 1 second, 1 minute, etc.). As another example, the drive-sense control block 102 generates control signals to sequentially enable the drive-sense circuits 28. As yet another example, the drive-sense control block 102 generates a series of control signals to periodically enable the drive-sense circuits 28 (e.g., enabled once every second, every minute, every hour, etc.).

Continuing with the example of operation, the reference control block 106 generates a reference control signal that it provides to the reference signal circuit 100. The reference signal circuit 100 generates, in accordance with the control signal, one or more reference signals for the drive-sense circuits 28. For example, the control signal is an enable signal, which, in response, the reference signal circuit 100 generates a pre-programmed reference signal that it provides to the drive-sense circuits 28. In another example, the reference signal circuit 100 generates a unique reference signal for each of the drive-sense circuits 28. In yet another example, the reference signal circuit 100 generates a first unique reference signal for each of the drive-sense circuits 28 in a first group and generates a second unique reference signal for each of the drive-sense circuits 28 in a second group.

The reference signal circuit 100 may be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, the reference signal circuit 100 includes a DC (direct current) voltage generator, an AC voltage generator, and a voltage combining circuit. The DC voltage generator generates a DC voltage at a first level and the AC voltage generator generates an AC voltage at a second level, which is less than or equal to the first level. The voltage combining circuit combines the DC and AC voltages to produce the reference signal. As examples, the reference signal circuit 100 generates a reference signal similar to the signals shown in FIG. 7, which will be subsequently discussed.

As another example, the reference signal circuit 100 includes a DC current generator, an AC current generator, and a current combining circuit. The DC current generator generates a DC current a first current level and the AC current generator generates an AC current at a second current level, which is less than or equal to the first current level. The current combining circuit combines the DC and AC currents to produce the reference signal.

Returning to the example of operation, the reference signal circuit 100 provides the reference signal, or signals, to the drive-sense circuits 28. When a drive-sense circuit 28 is enabled via a control signal from the drive sense control block 102, it provides a drive signal to its corresponding sensor 30. As a result of a physical condition, an electrical characteristic of the sensor is changed, which affects the drive signal. Based on the detected effect on the drive signal and the reference signal, the drive-sense circuit 28 generates a signal representative of the effect on the drive signal.

The drive-sense circuit provides the signal representative of the effect on the drive signal to the drive-sense processing block 104. The drive-sense processing block 104 processes the representative signal to produce a sensed value 97 of the physical condition (e.g., a digital value that represents a specific temperature, a specific pressure level, etc.). The processing module 42 provides the sensed value 97 to another application running on the computing device, to another computing device, and/or to a server 22.

FIG. 5E is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing subsystem 25 that includes a processing module 42, a plurality of drive sense circuits 28, and a plurality of sensors 30. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 5D with the functionality of the drive-sense processing block 104, a drive-sense control block 102, and a reference control block 106 shown in greater detail. For instance, the drive-sense control block 102 includes individual enable/disable blocks 102-1 through 102-y. An enable/disable block functions to enable or disable a corresponding drive-sense circuit in a manner as discussed above with reference to FIG. 5D.

The drive-sense processing block 104 includes variance determining modules 104-1 a through y and variance interpreting modules 104-2 a through y. For example, variance determining module 104-1 a receives, from the corresponding drive-sense circuit 28, a signal representative of a physical condition sensed by a sensor. The variance determining module 104-1 a functions to determine a difference from the signal representing the sensed physical condition with a signal representing a known, or reference, physical condition. The variance interpreting module 104-1 b interprets the difference to determine a specific value for the sensed physical condition.

As a specific example, the variance determining module 104-1 a receives a digital signal of 1001 0110 (150 in decimal) that is representative of a sensed physical condition (e.g., temperature) sensed by a sensor from the corresponding drive-sense circuit 28. With 8-bits, there are 2⁸ (256) possible signals representing the sensed physical condition. Assume that the units for temperature is Celsius and a digital value of 0100 0000 (64 in decimal) represents the known value for 25 degree Celsius. The variance determining module 104-b 1 determines the difference between the digital signal representing the sensed value (e.g., 1001 0110, 150 in decimal) and the known signal value of (e.g., 0100 0000, 64 in decimal), which is 0011 0000 (86 in decimal). The variance determining module 104-b 1 then determines the sensed value based on the difference and the known value. In this example, the sensed value equals 25+86*(100/256)=25+33.6=58.6 degrees Celsius.

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a drive center circuit 28-a coupled to a sensor 30. The drive sense-sense circuit 28 includes a power source circuit 110 and a power signal change detection circuit 112. The sensor 30 includes one or more transducers that have varying electrical characteristics (e.g., capacitance, inductance, impedance, current, voltage, etc.) based on varying physical conditions 114 (e.g., pressure, temperature, biological, chemical, etc.), or vice versa (e.g., an actuator).

The power source circuit 110 is operably coupled to the sensor 30 and, when enabled (e.g., from a control signal from the processing module 42, power is applied, a switch is closed, a reference signal is received, etc.) provides a power signal 116 to the sensor 30. The power source circuit 110 may be a voltage supply circuit (e.g., a battery, a linear regulator, an unregulated DC-to-DC converter, etc.) to produce a voltage-based power signal, a current supply circuit (e.g., a current source circuit, a current mirror circuit, etc.) to produce a current-based power signal, or a circuit that provide a desired power level to the sensor and substantially matches impedance of the sensor. The power source circuit 110 generates the power signal 116 to include a DC (direct current) component and/or an oscillating component.

When receiving the power signal 116 and when exposed to a condition 114, an electrical characteristic of the sensor affects 118 the power signal. When the power signal change detection circuit 112 is enabled, it detects the affect 118 on the power signal as a result of the electrical characteristic of the sensor. For example, the power signal is a 1.5 voltage signal and, under a first condition, the sensor draws 1 milliamp of current, which corresponds to an impedance of 1.5 K Ohms. Under a second conditions, the power signal remains at 1.5 volts and the current increases to 1.5 milliamps. As such, from condition 1 to condition 2, the impedance of the sensor changed from 1.5 K Ohms to 1 K Ohms. The power signal change detection circuit 112 determines this change and generates a representative signal 120 of the change to the power signal.

As another example, the power signal is a 1.5 voltage signal and, under a first condition, the sensor draws 1 milliamp of current, which corresponds to an impedance of 1.5 K Ohms. Under a second conditions, the power signal drops to 1.3 volts and the current increases to 1.3 milliamps. As such, from condition 1 to condition 2, the impedance of the sensor changed from 1.5 K Ohms to 1 K Ohms. The power signal change detection circuit 112 determines this change and generates a representative signal 120 of the change to the power signal.

The power signal 116 includes a DC component 122 and/or an oscillating component 124 as shown in FIG. 7. The oscillating component 124 includes a sinusoidal signal, a square wave signal, a triangular wave signal, a multiple level signal (e.g., has varying magnitude over time with respect to the DC component), and/or a polygonal signal (e.g., has a symmetrical or asymmetrical polygonal shape with respect to the DC component). Note that the power signal is shown without affect from the sensor as the result of a condition or changing condition.

In an embodiment, power generating circuit 110 varies frequency of the oscillating component 124 of the power signal 116 so that it can be tuned to the impedance of the sensor and/or to be off-set in frequency from other power signals in a system. For example, a capacitance sensor's impedance decreases with frequency. As such, if the frequency of the oscillating component is too high with respect to the capacitance, the capacitor looks like a short and variances in capacitances will be missed. Similarly, if the frequency of the oscillating component is too low with respect to the capacitance, the capacitor looks like an open and variances in capacitances will be missed.

In an embodiment, the power generating circuit 110 varies magnitude of the DC component 122 and/or the oscillating component 124 to improve resolution of sensing and/or to adjust power consumption of sensing. In addition, the power generating circuit 110 generates the drive signal 110 such that the magnitude of the oscillating component 124 is less than magnitude of the DC component 122.

FIG. 6A is a schematic block diagram of a drive center circuit 28-a 1 coupled to a sensor 30. The drive sense-sense circuit 28-a 1 includes a signal source circuit 111, a signal change detection circuit 113, and a power source 115. The power source 115 (e.g., a battery, a power supply, a current source, etc.) generates a voltage and/or current that is combined with a signal 117, which is produced by the signal source circuit 111. The combined signal is supplied to the sensor 30.

The signal source circuit 111 may be a voltage supply circuit (e.g., a battery, a linear regulator, an unregulated DC-to-DC converter, etc.) to produce a voltage-based signal 117, a current supply circuit (e.g., a current source circuit, a current mirror circuit, etc.) to produce a current-based signal 117, or a circuit that provide a desired power level to the sensor and substantially matches impedance of the sensor. The signal source circuit 111 generates the signal 117 to include a DC (direct current) component and/or an oscillating component.

When receiving the combined signal (e.g., signal 117 and power from the power source) and when exposed to a condition 114, an electrical characteristic of the sensor affects 119 the signal. When the signal change detection circuit 113 is enabled, it detects the affect 119 on the signal as a result of the electrical characteristic of the sensor.

FIG. 8 is an example of a sensor graph that plots an electrical characteristic versus a condition. The sensor has a substantially linear region in which an incremental change in a condition produces a corresponding incremental change in the electrical characteristic. The graph shows two types of electrical characteristics: one that increases as the condition increases and the other that decreases and the condition increases. As an example of the first type, impedance of a temperature sensor increases and the temperature increases. As an example of a second type, a capacitance touch sensor decreases in capacitance as a touch is sensed.

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in which the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor is affecting the power signal. In this example, the effect of the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor reduced the DC component but had little to no effect on the oscillating component. For example, the electrical characteristic is resistance. In this example, the resistance or change in resistance of the sensor decreased the power signal, inferring an increase in resistance for a relatively constant current.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in which the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor is affecting the power signal. In this example, the effect of the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor reduced magnitude of the oscillating component but had little to no effect on the DC component. For example, the electrical characteristic is impedance of a capacitor and/or an inductor. In this example, the impedance or change in impedance of the sensor decreased the magnitude of the oscillating signal component, inferring an increase in impedance for a relatively constant current.

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in which the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor is affecting the power signal. In this example, the effect of the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor shifted frequency of the oscillating component but had little to no effect on the DC component. For example, the electrical characteristic is reactance of a capacitor and/or an inductor. In this example, the reactance or change in reactance of the sensor shifted frequency of the oscillating signal component, inferring an increase in reactance (e.g., sensor is functioning as an integrator or phase shift circuit).

FIG. 11A is a schematic block diagram of another example of a power signal graph in which the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor is affecting the power signal. In this example, the effect of the electrical characteristic or change in electrical characteristic of the sensor changes the frequency of the oscillating component but had little to no effect on the DC component. For example, the sensor includes two transducers that oscillate at different frequencies. The first transducer receives the power signal at a frequency of f₁ and converts it into a first physical condition. The second transducer is stimulated by the first physical condition to create an electrical signal at a different frequency f₂. In this example, the first and second transducers of the sensor change the frequency of the oscillating signal component, which allows for more granular sensing and/or a broader range of sensing.

FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a power signal change detection circuit 112 receiving the affected power signal 118 and the power signal 116 as generated to produce, therefrom, the signal representative 120 of the power signal change. The affect 118 on the power signal is the result of an electrical characteristic and/or change in the electrical characteristic of a sensor; a few examples of the affects are shown in FIGS. 8-11A.

In an embodiment, the power signal change detection circuit 112 detect a change in the DC component 122 and/or the oscillating component 124 of the power signal 116. The power signal change detection circuit 112 then generates the signal representative 120 of the change to the power signal based on the change to the power signal. For example, the change to the power signal results from the impedance of the sensor and/or a change in impedance of the sensor. The representative signal 120 is reflective of the change in the power signal and/or in the change in the sensor's impedance.

In an embodiment, the power signal change detection circuit 112 is operable to detect a change to the oscillating component at a frequency, which may be a phase shift, frequency change, and/or change in magnitude of the oscillating component. The power signal change detection circuit 112 is also operable to generate the signal representative of the change to the power signal based on the change to the oscillating component at the frequency. The power signal change detection circuit 112 is further operable to provide feedback to the power source circuit 110 regarding the oscillating component. The feedback allows the power source circuit 110 to regulate the oscillating component at the desired frequency, phase, and/or magnitude.

FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a drive sense circuit 28-b includes a change detection circuit 150, a regulation circuit 152, and a power source circuit 154. The drive-sense circuit 28-b is coupled to the sensor 30, which includes a transducer that has varying electrical characteristics (e.g., capacitance, inductance, impedance, current, voltage, etc.) based on varying physical conditions 114 (e.g., pressure, temperature, biological, chemical, etc.).

The power source circuit 154 is operably coupled to the sensor 30 and, when enabled (e.g., from a control signal from the processing module 42, power is applied, a switch is closed, a reference signal is received, etc.) provides a power signal 158 to the sensor 30. The power source circuit 154 may be a voltage supply circuit (e.g., a battery, a linear regulator, an unregulated DC-to-DC converter, etc.) to produce a voltage-based power signal or a current supply circuit (e.g., a current source circuit, a current mirror circuit, etc.) to produce a current-based power signal. The power source circuit 154 generates the power signal 158 to include a DC (direct current) component and an oscillating component.

When receiving the power signal 158 and when exposed to a condition 114, an electrical characteristic of the sensor affects 160 the power signal. When the change detection circuit 150 is enabled, it detects the affect 160 on the power signal as a result of the electrical characteristic of the sensor 30. The change detection circuit 150 is further operable to generate a signal 120 that is representative of change to the power signal based on the detected effect on the power signal.

The regulation circuit 152, when its enabled, generates regulation signal 156 to regulate the DC component to a desired DC level and/or regulate the oscillating component to a desired oscillating level (e.g., magnitude, phase, and/or frequency) based on the signal 120 that is representative of the change to the power signal. The power source circuit 154 utilizes the regulation signal 156 to keep the power signal at a desired setting 158 regardless of the electrical characteristic of the sensor. In this manner, the amount of regulation is indicative of the affect the electrical characteristic had on the power signal.

In an example, the power source circuit 158 is a DC-DC converter operable to provide a regulated power signal having DC and AC components. The change detection circuit 150 is a comparator and the regulation circuit 152 is a pulse width modulator to produce the regulation signal 156. The comparator compares the power signal 158, which is affected by the sensor, with a reference signal that includes DC and AC components. When the electrical characteristics is at a first level (e.g., a first impedance), the power signal is regulated to provide a voltage and current such that the power signal substantially resembles the reference signal.

When the electrical characteristics changes to a second level (e.g., a second impedance), the change detection circuit 150 detects a change in the DC and/or AC component of the power signal 158 and generates the representative signal 120, which indicates the changes. The regulation circuit 152 detects the change in the representative signal 120 and creates the regulation signal to substantially remove the effect on the power signal. The regulation of the power signal 158 may be done by regulating the magnitude of the DC and/or AC components, by adjusting the frequency of AC component, and/or by adjusting the phase of the AC component.

With respect to the operation of various drive-sense circuits as described herein and/or their equivalents, note that the operation of such a drive-sense circuit is operable simultaneously to drive and sense a signal via a single line. In comparison to switched, time-divided, time-multiplexed, etc. operation in which there is switching between driving and sensing (e.g., driving at first time, sensing at second time, etc.) of different respective signals at separate and distinct times, the drive-sense circuit is operable simultaneously to perform both driving and sensing of a signal. In some examples, such simultaneous driving and sensing is performed via a single line using a drive-sense circuit.

In addition, other alternative implementations of various drive-sense circuits (DSCs) are described in U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 16/113,379, entitled “DRIVE SENSE CIRCUIT WITH DRIVE-SENSE LINE,” filed Aug. 27, 2018, pending. Any instantiation of a drive-sense circuit as described herein may also be implemented using any of the various implementations of various drive-sense circuits (DSCs) described in U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 16/113,379.

In addition, note that the one or more signals provided from a drive-sense circuit (DSC) may be of any of a variety of types. For example, such a signal may be based on encoding of one or more bits to generate one or more coded bits used to generate modulation data (or generally, data). For example, a device is configured to perform forward error correction (FEC) and/or error checking and correction (ECC) code of one or more bits to generate one or more coded bits. Examples of FEC and/or ECC may include turbo code, convolutional code, trellis coded modulation (TCM), turbo trellis coded modulation (TTCM), low density parity check (LDPC) code, Reed-Solomon (RS) code, BCH (Bose and Ray-Chaudhuri, and Hocquenghem) code, binary convolutional code (BCC), Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), and/or any other type of ECC and/or FEC code and/or combination thereof, etc. Note that more than one type of ECC and/or FEC code may be used in any of various implementations including concatenation (e.g., first ECC and/or FEC code followed by second ECC and/or FEC code, etc. such as based on an inner code/outer code architecture, etc.), parallel architecture (e.g., such that first ECC and/or FEC code operates on first bits while second ECC and/or FEC code operates on second bits, etc.), and/or any combination thereof.

Also, the one or more coded bits may then undergo modulation or symbol mapping to generate modulation symbols (e.g., the modulation symbols may include data intended for one or more recipient devices, components, elements, etc.). Note that such modulation symbols may be generated using any of various types of modulation coding techniques. Examples of such modulation coding techniques may include binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8-phase shift keying (PSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 32 amplitude and phase shift keying (APSK), etc., uncoded modulation, and/or any other desired types of modulation including higher ordered modulations that may include even greater number of constellation points (e.g., 1024 QAM, etc.).

In addition, note that a signal provided from a DSC may be of a unique frequency that is different from signals provided from other DSCs. Also, a signal provided from a DSC may include multiple frequencies independently or simultaneously. The frequency of the signal can be hopped on a pre-arranged pattern. In some examples, a handshake is established between one or more DSCs and one or more processing modules (e.g., one or more controllers) such that the one or more DSC is/are directed by the one or more processing modules regarding which frequency or frequencies and/or which other one or more characteristics of the one or more signals to use at one or more respective times and/or in one or more particular situations.

With respect to any signal that is driven and simultaneously detected by a DSC, note that any additional signal that is coupled into a line, an electrode, a touch sensor, a bus, a communication link, a battery, a load, an electrical coupling or connection, etc. associated with that DSC is also detectable. For example, a DSC that is associated with such a line, an electrode, a touch sensor, a bus, a communication link, a load, an electrical coupling or connection, etc. is configured to detect any signal from one or more other lines, electrodes, touch sensors, buses, communication links, loads, electrical couplings or connections, etc. that get coupled into that line, electrode, touch sensor, bus, communication link, load, electrical coupling or connection, etc.

Note that the different respective signals that are driven and simultaneously sensed by one or more DSCs may be differentiated from one another. Appropriate filtering and processing can identify the various signals given their differentiation, orthogonality to one another, difference in frequency, etc. Other examples described herein and their equivalents operate using any of a number of different characteristics other than or in addition to frequency.

Moreover, with respect to any embodiment, diagram, example, etc. that includes more than one DSC, note that the DSCs may be implemented in a variety of manners. For example, all of the DSCs may be of the same type, implementation, configuration, etc. In another example, the first DSC may be of a first type, implementation, configuration, etc., and a second DSC may be of a second type, implementation, configuration, etc. that is different than the first DSC. Considering a specific example, a first DSC may be implemented to detect change of impedance associated with a line, an electrode, a touch sensor, a bus, a communication link, an electrical coupling or connection, etc. associated with that first DSC, while a second DSC may be implemented to detect change of voltage associated with a line, an electrode, a touch sensor, a bus, a communication link, an electrical coupling or connection, etc. associated with that second DSC. In addition, note that a third DSC may be implemented to detect change of a current associated with a line, an electrode, a touch sensor, a bus, a communication link, an electrical coupling or connection, etc. associated with that DSC. In general, while a common reference may be used generally to show a DSC or multiple instantiations of a DSC within a given embodiment, diagram, example, etc., note that any particular DSC may be implemented in accordance with any manner as described herein, such as described in U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 16/113,379, etc. and/or their equivalents.

Note that certain of the following diagrams show a computing device (e.g., alternatively referred to as device; the terms computing device and device may be used interchangeably) that may include or be coupled to one or more processing modules. In certain instances, the one or more processing modules is configured to communicate with and interact with one or more other devices including one or more of DSCs, one or more components associated with a DSC, one or more components associated with a display, a touch sensor device that may or may not include display functionality (e.g., a touchscreen display with sensors, a panel without display functionality that includes one or more sensors, etc., one or more other components associated with a display, a touchscreen display with sensors, or generally a touch sensor device that may or may not include display functionality, etc.) Note that any such implementation of one or more processing modules may include integrated memory and/or be coupled to other memory. At least some of the memory stores operational instructions to be executed by the one or more processing modules. In addition, note that the one or more processing modules may interface with one or more other computing devices, components, elements, etc. via one or more communication links, networks, communication pathways, channels, etc. (e.g., such as via one or more communication interfaces of the computing device, such as may be integrated into the one or more processing modules or be implemented as a separate component, circuitry, etc.).

In addition, when a DSC is implemented to communicate with and interact with another element, the DSC is configured simultaneously to transmit and receive one or more signals with the element. For example, a DSC is configured simultaneously to sense and to drive one or more signals to the one element. During transmission of a signal from a DSC, that same DSC is configured simultaneously to sense the signal being transmitted from the DSC and any other signal may be coupled into the signal that is being transmitted from the DSC.

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 1400 of a touchscreen display in accordance with the present invention. this diagram includes a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a touchscreen display 80 that includes a plurality of drive-sense circuits (DSCs), a touchscreen processing module 82, a display 83, and a plurality of electrodes 85 (e.g., the electrodes operate as the sensors or sensor components into which touch and/or proximity may be detected in the touchscreen display 80). The touchscreen display 80 is coupled to a processing module 42, a video graphics processing module 48, and a display interface 93, which are components of a computing device (e.g., one or more of computing devices 14-18), an interactive display, or other device that includes a touchscreen display. An interactive display functions to provide users with an interactive experience (e.g., touch the screen to obtain information, be entertained, etc.). For example, a store provides interactive displays for customers to find certain products, to obtain coupons, to enter contests, etc.

In some examples, note that display functionality and touchscreen functionality are both provided by a combined device that may be referred to as a touchscreen display with sensors 80. However, in other examples, note that touchscreen functionality and display functionality are provided by separate devices, namely, the display 83 and a touchscreen that is implemented separately from the display 83. Generally speaking, different implementations may include display functionality and touchscreen functionality within a combined device such as a touchscreen display with sensors 80, or separately using a display 83 and a touchscreen.

There are a variety of other devices that may be implemented to include a touchscreen display. For example, a vending machine includes a touchscreen display to select and/or pay for an item. Another example of a device having a touchscreen display is an Automated Teller Machine (ATM). As yet another example, an automobile includes a touchscreen display for entertainment media control, navigation, climate control, etc.

The touchscreen display 80 includes a large display 83 that has a resolution equal to or greater than full high-definition (HD), an aspect ratio of a set of aspect ratios, and a screen size equal to or greater than thirty-two inches. The following table lists various combinations of resolution, aspect ratio, and screen size for the display 83, but it's not an exhaustive list. Other screen sizes, resolutions, aspect ratios, etc. may be implemented within other various displays.

pixel screen screen Width Height aspect aspect size Resolution (lines) (lines) ratio ratio (inches) HD (high 1280 720 1:1 16:9 32, 40, 43, definition) 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, &/or >80 Full HD 1920 1080 1:1 16:9 32, 40, 43, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, &/or >80 HD 960 720 4:3 16:9 32, 40, 43, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, &/or >80 HD 1440 1080 4:3 16:9 32, 40, 43, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, &/or >80 HD 1280 1080 3:2 16:9 32, 40, 43, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, &/or >80 QHD 2560 1440 1:1 16:9 32, 40, 43, (quad 50, 55, 60, HD) 65, 70, 75, &/or >80 UHD 3840 2160 1:1 16:9 32, 40, 43, (Ultra 50, 55, 60, HD) or 65, 70, 75, 4K &/or >80 8K 7680 4320 1:1 16:9 32, 40, 43, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, &/or >80 HD and 1280−>=7680 720−>=4320 1:1, 2:3,  2:3 50, 55, 60, above etc. 65, 70, 75, &/or >80

The display 83 is one of a variety of types of displays that is operable to render frames of data into visible images. For example, the display is one or more of: a light emitting diode (LED) display, an electroluminescent display (ELD), a plasma display panel (PDP), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an LCD high performance addressing (HPA) display, an LCD thin film transistor (TFT) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a digital light processing (DLP) display, a surface conductive electron emitter (SED) display, a field emission display (FED), a laser TV display, a carbon nanotubes display, a quantum dot display, an interferometric modulator display (IMOD), and a digital microshutter display (DMS). The display is active in a full display mode or a multiplexed display mode (i.e., only part of the display is active at a time).

The display 83 further includes integrated electrodes 85 that provide the sensors for the touch sense part of the touchscreen display. The electrodes 85 are distributed throughout the display area or where touchscreen functionality is desired. For example, a first group of the electrodes are arranged in rows and a second group of electrodes are arranged in columns. As will be discussed in greater detail with reference to one or more of FIGS. 18, 19, 20, and 21, the row electrodes are separated from the column electrodes by a dielectric material.

The electrodes 85 are comprised of a transparent conductive material and are in-cell or on-cell with respect to layers of the display. For example, a conductive trace is placed in-cell or on-cell of a layer of the touchscreen display. The transparent conductive material, which is substantially transparent and has negligible effect on video quality of the display with respect to the human eye. For instance, an electrode is constructed from one or more of: Indium Tin Oxide, Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes, Thin Metal Films, Silver Nanowires Hybrid Materials, Aluminum-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Amorphous Indium-Zinc Oxide, Gallium-doped Zinc Oxide (GZO), and poly polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT).

In an example of operation, the processing module 42 is executing an operating system application 89 and one or more user applications 91. The user applications 91 includes, but is not limited to, a video playback application, a spreadsheet application, a word processing application, a computer aided drawing application, a photo display application, an image processing application, a database application, etc. While executing an application 91, the processing module generates data for display (e.g., video data, image data, text data, etc.). The processing module 42 sends the data to the video graphics processing module 48, which converts the data into frames of video 87.

The video graphics processing module 48 sends the frames of video 87 (e.g., frames of a video file, refresh rate for a word processing document, a series of images, etc.) to the display interface 93. The display interface 93 provides the frames of video to the display 83, which renders the frames of video into visible images.

In certain examples, one or more images are displayed so as to facilitate communication of data from a first computing device to a second computing device via a user. For example, one or more images are displayed on the touchscreen display with sensors 80, and when a user is in contact with the one or more images that are displayed on the touchscreen display with sensors 80, one or more signals that are associated with the one or more images are coupled via the user to another computing device. In some examples, the touchscreen display with sensors 80 is implemented within a portable device, such as a cell phone, a smart phone, a tablet, and/or any other such device that includes a touching display with sensors 80. Also, in some examples, note that the computing device that is displaying one or more images that are coupled via the user to another computing device does not include a touchscreen display with sensors 80, but merely a display that is implemented to display one or more images. In accordance with operation of the display, whether implemented as it display alone for a touchscreen display with sensors, as the one or more images are displayed, and when the user is in contact with the display (e.g., such as touching the one or more images with a digit of a hand, such as found, fingers, etc.) or is was within sufficient proximity to facilitate coupling of one or more signals that are associated with a lot of images, then the signals are coupled via the user to another computing device.

When the display 83 is implemented as a touchscreen display with sensors 80, while the display 83 is rendering the frames of video into visible images, the drive-sense circuits (DSC) provide sensor signals to the electrodes 85. When the touchscreen (e.g., which may alternatively be referred to as screen) is touched, capacitance of the electrodes 85 proximal to the touch (i.e., directly or close by) is changed. The DSCs detect the capacitance change for affected electrodes and provide the detected change to the touchscreen processing module 82.

The touchscreen processing module 82 processes the capacitance change of the effected electrodes to determine one or more specific locations of touch and provides this information to the processing module 42. Processing module 42 processes the one or more specific locations of touch to determine if an operation of the application is to be altered. For example, the touch is indicative of a pause command, a fast forward command, a reverse command, an increase volume command, a decrease volume command, a stop command, a select command, a delete command, etc.

FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 1500 of a touchscreen display in accordance with the present invention. This diagram includes a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a touchscreen display 80 that includes a plurality of drive-sense circuits (DSC), the processing module 42, a display 83, and a plurality of electrodes 85. The processing module 42 is executing an operating system 89 and one or more user applications 91 to produce frames of data 87. The processing module 42 provides the frames of data 87 to the display interface 93. The touchscreen display 80 operates similarly to the touchscreen display 80 of FIG. 14 with the above noted differences.

FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 1600 of a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. Note that a touch sensor device may or may not include display functionality. For example, one example of a touch sensor device includes a touchscreen display (e.g., such as described with respect to FIG. 14 or FIG. 15). Alternatively, a touch sensor device may include touch sensor functionality without including display functionality. In this diagram, an alternative example of a touch sensor device, namely, touch sensor device 1610, includes sensor 80 but with no display functionality. Generally speaking, any reference to a touch sensor device herein may be used to refer to a touch sensor device that may or may not include display functionality (e.g., a touchscreen display or a touch sensor device such as touch sensor device 1610 that does not include display functionality). This diagram is similar to FIG. 14 with at least some differences being that this diagram includes a touch sensor device 1610 with sensors 80. The touch sensor device 1610 of this diagram includes a panel 1612 (e.g., that includes embedded/integrated electrodes 85) that facilitates touch sensor functionality. However, the touch sensor device 1610 of this diagram does not include display functionality and does not include a video graphics processing module 48 or a display interface 93 as does FIG. 14. In addition, the touchscreen processing module 82 of FIG. 14, which may include and/or be coupled to memory, is replaced in FIG. 16 by a touch sensor device processing module 1642, which may include and/or be coupled to memory.

The touch sensor device processing module 1642 operates similarly to the touchscreen processing module 82 of FIG. 14 with respect to touch related functionality yet with at least some differences being that the touch sensor device processing module 1642 does not particularly operate in accordance with display related functionality. For example, the touch sensor device 1610 includes a panel 1612, a plurality of sensors (e.g., shows as electrodes 85 in the diagram), a plurality of drive-sense circuits (DSCs), and the touch sensor device processing module 1642. The touch sensor device 1610 includes a plurality of sensors (e.g., electrodes 85, capacitor sensing cells, capacitor sensors, inductive sensor, etc.) to detect a proximal touch of the panel 1612. For example, when one or more fingers, styluses, other components, etc. touches the screen, capacitance of sensors proximal to the touch(es) are affected (e.g., impedance changes). The drive-sense circuits (DSC) coupled to the affected sensors detect the change and provide a representation of the change to the touch sensor device processing module 1642, which may be a separate processing module or integrated into the processing module 42.

The touch sensor device processing module 1642 processes the representative signals from the drive-sense circuits (DSC) to determine the location of the touch(es). This information is inputted to the processing module 42 for processing as an input. For example, a touch represents a selection of a location on the panel 1612, a motion on the panel 1612, a gesture of a user with respect to the panel 1612, etc.

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 1700 of a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has some similarities to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16. In this diagram, the functionality from a touch sensor device processing module 1642, which may include or be coupled to memory, such as with respect to FIG. 16, is integrated into the processing module 42, which may include or be coupled to memory. The processing module 42 facilitates touch related functionality without specifically supporting display related functionality.

Note that while many of the examples of electrode alignment within a panel or touchscreen display show the electrodes as being aligned with respect to rows and columns, any other desired configuration of electrodes may alternatively be made. For example, electrodes may be arranged angularly such as a first set of electrodes are implemented as extending from upper left to lower right of the panel or touch screen display and a second set of electrodes are implemented as extending from upper right to lower left of the panel or touchscreen display. Generally speaking, any desired configuration and implementation of electrode arrangement within such a panel or touchscreen display may be implemented within any such device as described here including various aspects, embodiments, and/or examples of the invention (and/or their equivalents).

FIG. 18A is a logic diagram of an embodiment of a method 1801 for sensing a touch on a touchscreen display in accordance with the present invention. This diagram includes a logic diagram of an embodiment of a method 1801 for execution by one or more computing devices for sensing a touch on a touchscreen display that is executed by one or more processing modules of one or various types (e.g., 42, 82, and/or 48 of the previous figures). The method 1801 begins at step 1800 where the processing module generate a control signal (e.g., power enable, operation enable, etc.) to enable a drive-sense circuit to monitor the sensor signal on the electrode. The processing module generates additional control signals to enable other drive-sense circuits to monitor their respective sensor signals. In an example, the processing module enables all of the drive-sense circuits for continuous sensing for touches of the screen. In another example, the processing module enables a first group of drive-sense circuits coupled to a first group of row electrodes and enables a second group of drive-sense circuits coupled to a second group of column electrodes.

The method 1801 continues at step 1802 where the processing module receives a representation of the impedance on the electrode from a drive-sense circuit. In general, the drive-sense circuit provides a drive signal to the electrode. The impedance of the electrode affects the drive signal. The effect on the drive signal is interpreted by the drive-sense circuit to produce the representation of the impedance of the electrode. The processing module does this with each activated drive-sense circuit in serial, in parallel, or in a serial-parallel manner.

The method 1801 continues at step 1804 where the processing module interprets the representation of the impedance on the electrode to detect a change in the impedance of the electrode. A change in the impedance is indicative of a touch. For example, an increase in self-capacitance (e.g., the capacitance of the electrode with respect to a reference (e.g., ground, etc.)) is indicative of a touch on the electrode of a user or other element. As another example, a decrease in mutual capacitance (e.g., the capacitance between a row electrode and a column electrode) is also indicative of a touch and/or presence of a user or other element near the electrodes. The processing module does this for each representation of the impedance of the electrode it receives. Note that the representation of the impedance is a digital value, an analog signal, an impedance value, and/or any other analog or digital way of representing a sensor's impedance.

The method 1801 continues at step 1806 where the processing module interprets the change in the impedance to indicate a touch and/or presence of a user or other element of the touchscreen display in an area corresponding to the electrode. For each change in impedance detected, the processing module indicates a touch and/or presence of a user or other element. Further processing may be done to determine if the touch is a desired touch or an undesired touch.

FIG. 18B is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 1802 of a drive sense circuit in accordance with the present invention. this diagram includes a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a drive sense circuit 28-18 that includes a first conversion circuit 1810 and a second conversion circuit 1812. The first conversion circuit 1810 converts an electrode signal 1816 (alternatively a sensor signal, such as when the electrode 85 includes a sensor, etc.) into a signal 1820 that is representative of the electrode signal and/or change thereof (e.g., note that such a signal may alternatively be referred to as a sensor signal, a signal representative of a sensor signal and or change thereof, etc. such as when the electrode 85 includes a sensor, etc.). The second conversion circuit 1812 generates the drive signal component 1814 from the sensed signal 1812. As an example, the first conversion circuit 1810 functions to keep the electrode signal 1816 substantially constant (e.g., substantially matching a reference signal) by creating the signal 1820 to correspond to changes in a receive signal component 1818 of the sensor signal. The second conversion circuit 1812 functions to generate a drive signal component 1814 of the sensor signal based on the signal 1820 substantially to compensate for changes in the receive signal component 1818 such that the electrode signal 1816 remains substantially constant.

In an example, the electrode signal 1816 (e.g., which may be viewed as a power signal, a drive signal, a sensor signal, etc. such as in accordance with other examples, embodiments, diagrams, etc. herein) is provided to the electrode 85 as a regulated current signal. The regulated current (I) signal in combination with the impedance (Z) of the electrode creates an electrode voltage (V), where V=I*Z. As the impedance (Z) of electrode changes, the regulated current (I) signal is adjusted to keep the electrode voltage (V) substantially unchanged. To regulate the current signal, the first conversion circuit 1810 adjusts the signal 1820 based on the receive signal component 1818, which is indicative of the impedance of the electrode and change thereof. The second conversion circuit 1812 adjusts the regulated current based on the changes to the signal 1820.

As another example, the electrode signal 1816 is provided to the electrode 85 as a regulated voltage signal. The regulated voltage (V) signal in combination with the impedance (Z) of the electrode creates an electrode current (I), where I=V/Z. As the impedance (Z) of electrode changes, the regulated voltage (V) signal is adjusted to keep the electrode current (I) substantially unchanged. To regulate the voltage signal, the first conversion circuit 1810 adjusts the signal 1820 based on the receive signal component 1818, which is indicative of the impedance of the electrode and change thereof. The second conversion circuit 1812 adjusts the regulated voltage based on the changes to the signal 1820.

FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 1900 of a drive sense circuit in accordance with the present invention. this diagram includes a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a drive sense circuit 28 that includes a first conversion circuit 1810 and a second conversion circuit 1812. The first conversion circuit 1810 includes a comparator (comp) and an analog to digital converter 1930. The second conversion circuit 1812 includes a digital to analog converter 1932, a signal source circuit 1933, and a driver.

In an example of operation, the comparator compares the electrode signal 1816 (alternatively, a sensor signal, etc.) to an analog reference signal 1922 to produce an analog comparison signal 1924. The analog reference signal 1924 includes a DC component and/or an oscillating component. As such, the electrode signal 1816 will have a substantially matching DC component and/or oscillating component. An example of an analog reference signal 1922 is also described in greater detail with reference to FIG. 7 such as with respect to a power signal graph.

The analog to digital converter 1930 converts the analog comparison signal 1924 into the signal 1820. The analog to digital converter (ADC) 1930 may be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, the (ADC) 1930 is one of: a flash ADC, a successive approximation ADC, a ramp-compare ADC, a Wilkinson ADC, an integrating ADC, a delta encoded ADC, and/or a sigma-delta ADC. The digital to analog converter (DAC) 1932 may be a sigma-delta DAC, a pulse width modulator DAC, a binary weighted DAC, a successive approximation DAC, and/or a thermometer-coded DAC.

The digital to analog converter (DAC) 1932 converts the signal 1820 into an analog feedback signal 1926. The signal source circuit 1933 (e.g., a dependent current source, a linear regulator, a DC-DC power supply, etc.) generates a regulated source signal 1935 (e.g., a regulated current signal or a regulated voltage signal) based on the analog feedback signal 1926. The driver increases power of the regulated source signal 1935 to produce the drive signal component 1814.

FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 2000 of a DSC that is interactive with an electrode in accordance with the present invention. Similar to other diagrams, examples, embodiments, etc. herein, the DSC 28-a 2 of this diagram is in communication with one or more processing modules 42. The DSC 28-a 2 is configured to provide a signal (e.g., a power signal, an electrode signal, transmit signal, a monitoring signal, etc.) to the electrode 85 via a single line and simultaneously to sense that signal via the single line. In some examples, sensing the signal includes detection of an electrical characteristic of the electrode that is based on a response of the electrode 85 to that signal. Examples of such an electrical characteristic may include detection of an impedance of the electrode 85 such as a change of capacitance of the electrode 85, detection of one or more signals coupled into the electrode 85 such as from one or more other electrodes, and/or other electrical characteristics. In addition, note that the electrode 85 may be implemented in a capacitive imaging glove in certain examples.

In some examples, the DSC 28-a 2 is configured to provide the signal to the electrode to perform any one or more of capacitive imaging of an element (e.g., such as a glove, sock, a bodysuit, or any portion of a capacitive imaging component associated with the user and/or operative to be worn and/or used by a user) that includes the electrode (e.g., such as a capacitive imaging glove, a capacitive imaging sock, a capacitive imaging bodysuit, or any portion of a capacitive imaging component associated with the user and/or operative to be worn and/or used by a user), digit movement detection such as based on a competitive imaging glove, inter-digit movement detection such as based on a competitive imaging glove, movement detection within a three-dimensional (3-D) space, and/or other purpose(s).

This embodiment of a DSC 28-a 2 includes a current source 110-1 and a power signal change detection circuit 112-a 1. The power signal change detection circuit 112-a 1 includes a power source reference circuit 130 and a comparator 132. The current source 110-1 may be an independent current source, a dependent current source, a current mirror circuit, etc.

In an example of operation, the power source reference circuit 130 provides a current reference 134 with DC and oscillating components to the current source 110-1. The current source generates a current as the power signal 116 based on the current reference 134. An electrical characteristic of the electrode 85 has an effect on the current power signal 116. For example, if the impedance of the electrode 85 decreases and the current power signal 116 remains substantially unchanged, the voltage across the electrode 85 is decreased.

The comparator 132 compares the current reference 134 with the affected power signal 118 to produce the signal 120 that is representative of the change to the power signal. For example, the current reference signal 134 corresponds to a given current (I) times a given impedance (Z). The current reference generates the power signal to produce the given current (I). If the impedance of the electrode 85 substantially matches the given impedance (Z), then the comparator's output is reflective of the impedances substantially matching. If the impedance of the electrode 85 is greater than the given impedance (Z), then the comparator's output is indicative of how much greater the impedance of the electrode 85 is than that of the given impedance (Z). If the impedance of the electrode 85 is less than the given impedance (Z), then the comparator's output is indicative of how much less the impedance of the electrode 85 is than that of the given impedance (Z).

FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 2100 of a DSC that is interactive with an electrode in accordance with the present invention. Similar to other diagrams, examples, embodiments, etc. herein, the DSC 28-a 3 of this diagram is in communication with one or more processing modules 42. Similar to the previous diagram, although providing a different embodiment of the DSC, the DSC 28-a 3 is configured to provide a signal to the electrode 85 via a single line and simultaneously to sense that signal via the single line. In some examples, sensing the signal includes detection of an electrical characteristic of the electrode 85 that is based on a response of the electrode 85 to that signal. Examples of such an electrical characteristic may include detection of an impedance of the electrode 85 such as a change of capacitance of the electrode 85, detection of one or more signals coupled into the electrode 85 such as from one or more other electrodes, and/or other electrical characteristics. In addition, note that the electrode 85 may be implemented in a capacitive imaging glove in certain examples.

This embodiment of a DSC 28-a 3 includes a voltage source 110-2 and a power signal change detection circuit 112-a 2. The power signal change detection circuit 112-a 2 includes a power source reference circuit 130-2 and a comparator 132-2. The voltage source 110-2 may be a battery, a linear regulator, a DC-DC converter, etc.

In an example of operation, the power source reference circuit 130-2 provides a voltage reference 136 with DC and oscillating components to the voltage source 110-2. The voltage source generates a voltage as the power signal 116 based on the voltage reference 136. An electrical characteristic of the electrode 85 has an effect on the voltage power signal 116. For example, if the impedance of the electrode 85 decreases and the voltage power signal 116 remains substantially unchanged, the current through the electrode 85 is increased.

The comparator 132 compares the voltage reference 136 with the affected power signal 118 to produce the signal 120 that is representative of the change to the power signal. For example, the voltage reference signal 134 corresponds to a given voltage (V) divided by a given impedance (Z). The voltage reference generates the power signal to produce the given voltage (V). If the impedance of the electrode 85 substantially matches the given impedance (Z), then the comparator's output is reflective of the impedances substantially matching. If the impedance of the electrode 85 is greater than the given impedance (Z), then the comparator's output is indicative of how much greater the impedance of the electrode 85 is than that of the given impedance (Z). If the impedance of the electrode 85 is less than the given impedance (Z), then the comparator's output is indicative of how much less the impedance of the electrode 85 is than that of the given impedance (Z).

With respect to many of the following diagrams, one or more processing modules 42, which includes and/or is coupled to memory, is configured to communicate and interact with one or more DSCs 28 the coupled to one or more electrodes of the panel or a touchscreen display. In many of the diagrams, the DSCs 28 are shown as interfacing with electrodes of the panel or touchscreen display (e.g., via interface 86 that couples to row electrodes and interface 87 that couples to column electrodes). Note that the number of lines that coupled the one or more processing modules 42 to the respective one or more DSCs 28, and from the one or more DSCs 28 to the respective interfaces 86 and 87 may be varied, as shown by n and m, which are positive integers greater than or equal to 1. Other diagrams also show different values, such as o, p, etc., which are also positive integers greater than or equal to 1. Note that the respective values may be the same or different within different respective embodiments and/or examples herein.

Note that the same and/or different respective signals may be driven simultaneously sensed by the respective one or more DSCs 28 that couple to electrodes 85 within any of the various embodiments and/or examples herein. In some examples, a common signal (e.g., having common one or more characteristics) is implemented in accordance with self signaling, and different respective signals (e.g., different respective signals having one or more different characteristics) are implemented in accordance with mutual signaling as described below.

For example, note that the different respective signals that are driven and simultaneously sensed via the electrodes 85 may be differentiated from one another. For example, appropriate filtering and processing can identify the various signals given their differentiation, orthogonality to one another, difference in frequency, etc. Note that the differentiation among the different respective signals that are driven and simultaneously sensed by the various DSCs 28 may be differentiated based on any one or more characteristics such as frequency, amplitude, modulation, modulation & coding set/rate (MCS), forward error correction (FEC) and/or error checking and correction (ECC), type, etc.

Other examples described herein and their equivalents operate using any of a number of different characteristics other than or in addition to frequency. Differentiation between the signals based on frequency corresponds to a first signal has a first frequency and a second signal has a second frequency different than the first frequency. Differentiation between the signals based on amplitude corresponds to a that if first signal has a first amplitude and a second signal has a second amplitude different than the first amplitude. Note that the amplitude may be a fixed amplitude for a DC signal or the oscillating amplitude component for a signal having both a DC offset and an oscillating component. Differentiation between the signals based on DC offset corresponds to a that if first signal has a first DC offset and a second signal has a second DC offset different than the first DC offset.

Differentiation between the signals based on modulation and/or modulation & coding set/rate (MCS) corresponds to a first signal has a first modulation and/or MCS and a second signal has a second modulation and/or MCS different than the first modulation and/or MCS. Examples of modulation and/or MCS may include binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 8-phase shift keying (PSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 32 amplitude and phase shift keying (APSK), 64-QAM, etc., uncoded modulation, and/or any other desired types of modulation including higher ordered modulations that may include even greater number of constellation points (e.g., 1024 QAM, etc.). For example, a first signal may be of a QAM modulation, and the second signal may be of a 32 APSK modulation. In an alternative example, a first signal may be of a first QAM modulation such that the constellation points there and have a first labeling/mapping, and the second signal may be of a second QAM modulation such that the constellation points there and have a second labeling/mapping.

Differentiation between the signals based on FEC/ECC corresponds to a first signal being generated, coded, and/or based on a first FEC/ECC and a second signal being generated, coded, and/or based on a second FEC/ECC that is different than the first modulation and/or first FEC/ECC. Examples of FEC and/or ECC may include turbo code, convolutional code, turbo trellis coded modulation (TTCM), low density parity check (LDPC) code, Reed-Solomon (RS) code, BCH (Bose and Ray-Chaudhuri, and Hocquenghem) code, binary convolutional code (BCC), Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), and/or any other type of ECC and/or FEC code and/or combination thereof, etc. Note that more than one type of ECC and/or FEC code may be used in any of various implementations including concatenation (e.g., first ECC and/or FEC code followed by second ECC and/or FEC code, etc. such as based on an inner code/outer code architecture, etc.), parallel architecture (e.g., such that first ECC and/or FEC code operates on first bits while second ECC and/or FEC code operates on second bits, etc.), and/or any combination thereof. For example, a first signal may be generated, coded, and/or based on a first LDPC code, and the second signal may be generated, coded, and/or based on a second LDPC code. In an alternative example, a first signal may be generated, coded, and/or based on a BCH code, and the second signal may be generated, coded, and/or based on a turbo code. Differentiation between the different respective signals may be made based on a similar type of FEC/ECC, using different characteristics of the FEC/ECC (e.g., codeword length, redundancy, matrix size, etc. as may be appropriate with respect to the particular type of FEC/ECC). Alternatively, differentiation between the different respective signals may be made based on using different types of FEC/ECC for the different respective signals.

Differentiation between the signals based on type corresponds to a first signal being or a first type and a second signal being of a second generated, coded, and/or based on a second type that is different than the first type. Examples of different types of signals include a sinusoidal signal, a square wave signal, a triangular wave signal, a multiple level signal, a polygonal signal, a DC signal, etc. For example, a first signal may be of a sinusoidal signal type, and the second signal may be of a DC signal type. In an alternative example, a first signal may be of a first sinusoidal signal type having first sinusoidal characteristics (e.g., first frequency, first amplitude, first DC offset, first phase, etc.), and the second signal may be of second sinusoidal signal type having second sinusoidal characteristics (e.g., second frequency, second amplitude, second DC offset, second phase, etc.) that is different than the first sinusoidal signal type.

Note that any implementation that differentiates the signals based on one or more characteristics may be used in this and other embodiments, examples, and their equivalents.

In addition, within this diagram above as well as any other diagram described herein, or their equivalents, the one or electrodes 85 (e.g., touch sensor electrodes such as may be implemented within a device operative to facilitate sensing of touch, proximity, gesture, etc.) may be of any of a variety of one or more types including any one or more of a touch sensor device, a touch sensor element (e.g., including one or more touch sensors with or without display functionality), a touchscreen display including both touch sensor and display functionality, a button, an electrode, an external controller, one or more rows of electrodes, one or more columns of electrodes, a matrix of buttons, an array of buttons, a film that includes any desired implementation of components to facilitate touch sensor operation, and/or any other configuration by which interaction with the touch sensor may be performed.

Note that the one or more electrodes 85 may be implemented within any of a variety of devices including any one or more of a touchscreen, a pad device, a laptop, a cell phone, a smartphone, a whiteboard, an interactive display, a navigation system display, an in-vehicle display, a video wall that includes multiple touchscreen displays (e.g., two or more touchscreen displays arranged in some configuration on a given surface, such as a wall, floor, ceiling, etc.), etc., and/or any other device in which one or more touch electrodes 85 may be implemented.

Note that such interaction of a user with an electrode 85 may correspond to the user touching the touch sensor, the user being in proximate distance to the touch sensor (e.g., within a sufficient proximity to the touch sensor that coupling from the user to the touch sensor may be performed via capacitively coupling (CC), etc. and/or generally any manner of interacting with the touch sensor that is detectable based on processing of signals transmitted to and/or sensed from the touch sensor including proximity detection, gesture detection, etc.). With respect to the various embodiments, implementations, etc. of various respective electrodes as described herein, note that they may also be of any such variety of one or more types. For example, electrodes may be implemented within or on any desired shape (e.g., including two-dimensional (2-D) components such as a flat panel and/or three-dimensional (3-D) components such as a cylinder, a pyramid, a cube, etc.) or style (e.g., lines, buttons, pads, etc.) or include any one or more of touch sensor electrodes, capacitive buttons, capacitive sensors, row and column implementations of touch sensor electrodes such as in a touchscreen, etc. Some examples of 2-D and 3-D shapes, objects, etc. may include electrodes placed in or under floors, walls, windows, doors, ceilings, furniture, beds, and/or any other objects. Note that such examples are non-exhaustive, and generally speaking, electrodes may be implemented within or on any desired shape.

In addition, note that a user as described herein is not specifically limited to the person (i.e., a human being). Generally speaking, any element that is operative to change impedance of at least one electrode of a touch sensor device (TSD)(with or without display functionality) may be viewed as a user. For example, some examples of users that may interact with such a TSD may include any one or more of humans, animals, plants, conductive objects, non-conductive objects, active objects, passive objects, objects that may be associated with any one or more other objects so as to operate with those one or more other objects, etc. that is operative to change impedance of at least one electrode of a TSD. Note that such examples are non-exhaustive, and generally speaking, a user may be viewed as any element that is operative to change impedance of at least one electrode of a TSD.

Note that different respective sets of electrodes may be placed in different respective portions of a particular 2-D and 3-D shapes, objects, etc. For example, a first set of electrodes may be placed within the first room within a house, building, etc., and a second set of electrodes may be placed within a second room within a house, building, etc. In a specific example, consider a first set of electrodes that is associated with a first floor within a first room with the house, building, etc., and a second set of electrodes that is associated with a second floor within a second room within that same house, building, etc. Alternatively, a first set of electrodes may be placed within a first surface within a room within a house, building, etc., and the second set electrodes may be placed within a second surface within that same room within that house, building, etc. In a specific example, consider a first set of electrodes that is associated with the floor of a room within a house, building, etc., and a second set of electrodes that is associated with a wall of that same room within a house, building, etc. Generally speaking, different sets of electrodes may be associated with any desired number of 2-D and 3-D shapes, objects, etc.

FIG. 22A is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 2201 of a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. This diagram shows a panel or touchscreen display with touch sensor device that includes electrodes 85 that are arranged in rows and columns. One or more processing modules 42 is implemented to communicate and interact with the first set of DSCs 28 that couple to the row electrodes via interface 86 and a second set of DSCs 28 that are coupled to the column electrodes the interface 87.

With respect to signaling provided from the DSCs 28 to the respective column and row electrodes, note that self signaling and mutual signaling is performed in certain examples. For example, with respect to self signaling, a common signal is provided via every DSC 28 that couples to a row electrode or a column electrodes. Such a common signal used in accordance with self signaling includes common characteristics such as amplitude, frequency, and work out any other common characteristic that is shared among all of such self signals that are provided from the DSCs 28 to the row and column electrodes. With respect to mutual signaling, different signals are provided via the respective DSCs 28 that couple to the row and column electrodes. For example, a first mutual signal is provided via a first DSC 28 to a first row electrode via the interface 86, and a second mutual signals provided via second DSC 28 to a second row electrode via the interface 86, etc. Generally speaking, different respective mutual signals are provided via different respective DSCs 28 to different respective row electrodes via the interface 86 and those different respective mutual signals are then detected via capacitive coupling into one or more of the respective column electrodes via the different respective DSCs 28 that couple to the row electrodes via the interface 87. Then, the respective DSCs 28 that couple to the column electrodes via interface 87 are implemented to detect capacitive coupling of those signals that are provided via the respective row electrodes via the interface 86 to identify the location of any interaction with the panel or touchscreen display.

From certain perspectives and generally speaking, self signaling facilitates detection of interaction with the panel or touchscreen, and mutual signaling facilitates not only detection of interaction with the panel or touchscreen but also provides disambiguation of the location of the interaction with the panel or touchscreen. In certain examples, one or more processing modules 42 is configured to process both the signals that are transmitted, received, and simultaneously sensed, etc. in accordance with both of self signaling and mutual signaling with respect to a panel or touchscreen display. In certain other examples, such as when a in electrode is associated merely with a button, and any interaction with that button is detected, the one or more processing modules 42 may be configured to process only the signals associated with self signaling, as disambiguation of location with the button may not be desired in a particular application.

For example, as a user interacts with the panel or touchscreen display, such as based on a touch from a finger or portion of the user's body, a stylus, etc., there will be capacitive coupling of the signals that are provided via the row electrodes into the column electrodes proximally close to the cross-section of those row and column electrodes. Based on detection of the signal that has been transmitted via the row electrode into the column electrode, has facilitated based on the capacitive coupling that is based on the user interaction with the panel or touchscreen display, the one or more processing modules 42 is configured to identify the location of the user interaction with the panel or touchscreen display. In addition, note that non-user associated objects may also interact with the panel or touchscreen display, such as based on capacitive coupling between such non-user associated objects with the panel or touchscreen display that also facilitate capacitive coupling between signals transmitted via a row electrode into a column electrode, or vice versa.

Consider two respective interactions with the panel touchscreen display as shown by the hashed circles, then a corresponding heat map representation showing the electrode crosspoint intersection may be generated by the one or more processing modules 42 interpreting the signals provided to it via the DSCs 28 that couple to the row and column electrodes.

In addition, with respect to this diagram and others herein, the one or more processing modules 42 and DSC 28 may be implemented in a variety of ways. In certain examples, the one or more processing modules 42 includes a first subset of the one or more processing modules 42 that are in communication and operative with a first subset of the one or more DSCs 28 (e.g., those in communication with one or more row electrodes of a panel or touchscreen display a touch sensor device) and a second subset of the one or more processing modules 42 that are in communication and operative with a second subset of the one or more DSCs 28 (e.g., those in communication with column electrodes of a panel or touchscreen display a touch sensor device).

In even other examples, the one or more processing modules 42 includes a first subset of the one or more processing modules 42 that are in communication and operative with a first subset of one or more DSCs 28 (e.g., those in communication with one or more row and/or column electrodes) and a second subset of the one or more processing modules 42 that are in communication and operative with a second subset of one or more DSCs 28 (e.g., those in communication with electrodes of another device entirely, such as another touch sensor device, an e-pen, etc.).

In yet other examples, the first subset of the one or more processing modules 42, a first subset of one or more DSCs 28, and a first subset of one or more electrodes 85 are implemented within or associated with a first device, and the second subset of the one or more processing modules 42, a second subset of one or more DSCs 28, and a second subset of one or more electrodes 85 are implemented within or associated with a second device. The different respective devices (e.g., first and second) may be similar type devices or different devices. For example, they may both be devices that include touch sensors (e.g., without display functionality). For example, they may both be devices that include touchscreens (e.g., with display functionality). For example, the first device may be a device that include touch sensors (e.g., with or without display functionality), and the second device is an e-pen device.

In an example of operation and implementation, with respect to the first subset of the one or more processing modules 42 that are in communication and operative with a first subset of one or more DSCs 28, a signal #1 is coupled from a first electrode 85 that is in communication to a first DSC 28 of the first subset of one or more DSCs 28 that is in communication and operative with the first subset of the one or more processing modules 42 to a second electrode 85 that is in communication to a first DSC 28 of the second subset of one or more DSCs 28 that is in communication and operative with the second subset of the one or more processing modules 42.

When more than one DSC 28 is included within the first subset of one or more DSCs 28, the signal #1 may also be coupled from the first electrode 85 that is in communication to a first DSC 28 of the first subset of one or more DSCs 28 that is in communication and operative with the first subset of the one or more processing modules 42 to a third electrode 85 that is in communication to a second DSC 28 of the second subset of one or more DSCs 28 that is in communication and operative with the second subset of the one or more processing modules 42.

Generally speaking, signals may be coupled between one or more electrodes 85 that are in communication and operative with the first subset of the one or more DSCs 28 associated with the first subset of the one or more processing modules 42 and the one or more electrodes 85 that are in communication and operative with the second subset of the one or more DSCs 28 (e.g., signal #1, signal #2). In certain examples, such signals are coupled from one electrode 85 to another electrode 85.

In some examples, these two different subsets of the one or more processing modules 42 are also in communication with one another (e.g., via communication effectuated via capacitive coupling between a first subset of electrodes 85 serviced by the first subset of the one or more processing modules 42 and a second subset of electrodes 85 serviced by the first subset of the one or more processing modules 42, via one or more alternative communication means such as a backplane, a bus, a wireless communication path, etc., and/or other means). In some particular examples, these two different subsets of the one or more processing modules 42 are not in communication with one another directly other than via the signal coupling between the one or more electrodes 85 themselves.

A first group of one or more DSCs 28 is/are implemented simultaneously to drive and to sense respective one or more signals provided to a first of the one or more electrodes 85. In addition, a second group of one or more DSCs 28 is/are implemented simultaneously to drive and to sense respective one or more other signals provided to a second of the one or more electrodes 85.

For example, a first DSC 28 is implemented simultaneously to drive and to sense a first signal via a first sensor electrode 85. A second DSC 28 is implemented simultaneously to drive and to sense a second signal via a second sensor electrode 85. Note that any number of additional DSCs implemented simultaneously to drive and to sense additional signals to additional electrodes 85 as may be appropriate in certain embodiments. Note also that the respective DSCs 28 may be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, they may be implemented within a device that includes the one or more electrodes 85, they may be implemented within a touchscreen display, they may be distributed among the device that includes the one or more electrodes 85 that does not include display functionality, etc.

FIG. 22B and FIG. 22C are schematic block diagrams of embodiments 2202 and 2203 of mutual signaling within a touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. Note that while self signaling may be performed on one or more, or all, of the electrodes via the respective DSCs 28 that couple to the row and column electrodes of a panel or touchscreen display, mutual signaling may be performed in an variety of different ways. For example, as shown by Option 1, mutual signaling may be performed such that signals are transmitted via the row electrodes of the panel or touchscreen display and detection of capacitive coupling of those signals into the column electrodes is detected via the column electrodes. Alternatively, as shown by Option 2, mutual signaling may be performed such that signals are transmitted via the column electrodes of the panel or touchscreen display and detection of capacitive coupling of those signals into the row electrodes is detected via the row electrodes. Regardless of the particular implementation by which self and/or mutual signaling is performed, note that a respective DSC 28 is configured to transmit a signal via the respective electrode to which it coupled and simultaneously to sense that same signal via that respective electrode including to sense any other signal that is coupled into that respective electrode (e.g., such as with respect to capacitive coupling of signals from one or more other electrodes based on user interaction with the panel or touchscreen display).

Note that certain examples of signaling as described herein relate to mutual signaling such that a one or more signals are transmitted via row electrodes of one or more panels or touchscreen displays and, based on capacitive coupling of those one or more signals into column electrodes of the one or more panels are touchscreen displays, disambiguation of the location of any interaction of a user, device, object, etc. may be identified by one or more processing modules 42 that are configured to interpret the signals provided from one or more DSCs 28.

FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 2300 of an extended touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. This diagram shows the same signaling that is provided via the row electrodes of two respective panels or touchscreen displays of a touch sensor device. In this diagram, the touch sensor device includes two respective panels or touchscreen displays. The signals are transmitted on the rows of the respective panels or touchscreen displays are shared, and there is separate receiving of those signals that may be detected via the column electrodes.

With respect to this diagram and others herein within which signals are provided to more than one panel or touchscreen display of a touch sensor device, this provides a distinct advantage over prior art systems when there is a limited number of different types of signals having different characteristics that may be used. For example, consider an implementation which has available only a limited number of transmit frequencies. By providing the same signals having similar transmit frequencies to different panels for touchscreen display that looked at sensor device, frequency reuse improves the overall operation of the system by making available additional signal frequencies for touchscreen device operations and/or other operations.

For example, a first signal is provided via a first electrode of the first panel of the touch sensor device and is also provided via a first electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device. In certain examples, this first electrode will be the top row electrode of both panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. Similarly, a second signal is provided via a second electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device and is also provided via a second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device. In certain examples, this second electrode will be the second from top row electrode of both panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

While transmission of the signals is made via the row electrodes of the different panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are shared, reception of those signals, via capacitive coupling and into the column electrodes, is performed separately so as to facilitate disambiguation of the location of such capacitive coupling between the row electrodes and the column electrodes.

As can be seen on the right-hand side of the diagram, considering two respective interactions with the panel or touchscreen display as shown by the hashed circles, then a corresponding heat map representation showing the electrode crosspoint intersection may be generated by the one or more processing modules 42 interpreting the signals provided to it via the DSCs 28 that couple to the row and column electrodes. As can be seen, the respective locations of the interactions with the panel or touchscreen display are shown as corresponding with respect to the two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

In an example of operation and implementation, a touch sensor device (TSD)(with or without display functionality), such as an extended touch sensor device as described herein, includes two or more panels and at least one drive-sense circuit (DSC). For example, a touch sensor device (TSD)(with or without display functionality) includes a first panel that includes first electrodes arranged in a first direction and second electrodes arranged in a second direction and also includes a second panel that includes third electrodes arranged in a third direction and fourth electrodes arranged in a fourth direction. Also, the TSD includes a DSC operably coupled via a single line to a coupling of a first electrode of the first electrodes and a first electrode of the third electrodes. For example, the DSC is coupled to a first electrode of a row of the first panel and a first electrode of a row of the second panel. Alternatively, the DSC is coupled to a first electrode of a column of the first panel and a first electrode of a column of the second panel. When enabled, the DSC configured to generate a signal based on a reference signal. this reference signal may be provided from one or more processing modules, generated internally to the DSC, or provided from another source, location, device, etc. The DSC is also configured to provide the signal via the single line to the coupling of the first electrode of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes and simultaneously to sense the signal via the single line. Note that the sensing of the signal includes detection of a first electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or a second electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the third electrodes. Also, the DSC is configured to generate a digital signal representative of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or the second electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the third electrodes.

In certain examples, note that the first panel is located at a first location, and the second panel is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location. With respect to remote location, note that these panels may be separated by a distance of greater than a few centimeters, 1 m, 2 m, 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 1 km, 2 km, and/or any other distance based on remote location of the first panel and the second panel.

In certain other examples, note that the first panel or the second panel is located at a first location, and the DSC is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location. With respect to remote location, note that the first panel or the second panel and the DSC may be separated by a distance of greater than a few centimeters, 1 m, 2 m, 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 1 km, 2 km, and/or any other distance based on remote location of the first panel or the second panel and the DSC.

In certain implementations, note that the TSD also includes one or more processing modules operably coupled to the DSC and to memory. In even other implementations, the one or more processing modules includes memory and is operably coupled to the DSC and the memory. Regardless if implementation, the memory stores operational instructions. When enabled, the one or more processing modules configured to execute the operational instructions to process the digital signal to determine interaction and/or location of a user and/or an object with the touch sensor device.

Also, in certain examples, the first panel or the second panel is located at a first location, and the DSC is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location. The one or more processing modules is located at a third location that is remotely located from the first location and the second location. With respect to remote location, note that the associated separation between the respective locations may be a distance of greater than a few centimeters, 1 m, 2 m, 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 1 km, 2 km, and/or any other distance.

Note also that the TSD is configured simultaneously to detect a first interaction or first location of a first user or a first object with the first panel and a second interaction or second location of a second user or a second object with the second panel. For example, a first user or a first object may be interacting with the first panel while a second user or a second object is interacting with the second panel. The TSD is configured to detect such interaction with the two respective panels simultaneously.

In certain specific examples, the TSD also includes another DSC operably coupled to the one or more processing modules and also operably coupled via another single line to a first electrode of the second electrodes. When enabled, the other DSC configured to generate another signal based on another reference signal. This other DSC is configured to provide the other signal via the other single line to the first electrode of the second electrodes and simultaneously to sense the other signal via the other single line. Note that the sensing of the other signal includes detection of a third electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the second electrodes. Also, this other DSC is configured to generate another digital signal representative of the third electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the second electrodes.

In yet another example, the DSC includes a first other DSC and a second other DSC. In an example of operation and implementation, the first other DSC is operably coupled to the one or more processing modules and also operably coupled via a first other single line to a first electrode of the second electrodes. When enabled, the first other DSC configured to generate a first other signal based on a first other reference signal and to provide the first other signal via the first other single line to the first electrode of the second electrodes and simultaneously to sense the first other signal via the first other single line. Note that the sensing of the first other signal includes detection of a third electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the second electrodes. The first other DSC is also configured to generate a first other digital signal representative of the third electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the second electrodes. The second other DSC is operably coupled to the one or more processing modules and also operably coupled via a second other single line to a first electrode of the second electrodes. When enabled, the second other DSC configured to generate a second other signal based on a second other reference signal and to provide the second other signal via the second other single line to the first electrode of the fourth electrodes and simultaneously to sense the second other signal via the second other single line. Note that the sensing of the second other signal includes detection of a fourth electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the fourth electrodes. The second other DSC is also configured to generate a second other digital signal representative of the fourth electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the fourth electrodes.

In certain specific examples, the DSC is configured to provide the signal via the single line to the coupling of the first electrode of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes such that the signal is provided and simultaneously sensed via both ends of the first electrode of the first electrodes and also both ends of the first electrode of the third electrodes. For example, FIG. 24B describes such an implementation.

In a particular implementation of a DSC, the DSC includes a power source circuit operably coupled to the coupling of the first electrode of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes via the single line. When enabled, the power source circuit is configured to provide the signal that includes an analog signal via the single line. In certain examples, the analog signal includes a DC (direct current) component and/or an oscillating component. The DSC also includes a power source change detection circuit operably coupled to the power source circuit. When enabled, the power source change detection circuit is configured to detect an effect on the analog signal that is based on the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or the second electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the third electrodes. Also, the power source change detection circuit is configured to generate the digital signal that is representative of the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or the second electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the third electrodes.

In certain specific examples, the power source circuit also includes a power source to source at least one of a voltage or a current to the coupling of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes via the single line. In a particular implementation, the power source change detection circuit also includes a power source reference circuit configured to provide at least one of a voltage reference or a current reference. The power source change detection circuit also includes a comparator configured to compare the at least one of the voltage and the current provided to the coupling of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes to the at least one of the voltage reference and the current reference to produce the analog signal.

In yet another example of operation and implementation, a TSD includes a first panel, a second panel, a first DSC, a second DSC, and a third DSC. For example, the first panel includes first electrodes arranged in a first direction and second electrodes arranged in a second direction. The second panel includes third electrodes arranged in a third direction and fourth electrodes arranged in a fourth direction.

The first DSC is operably coupled via a first single line to a coupling of a first electrode of the first electrodes and a first electrode of the third electrodes. When enabled, the first DSC configured to generate a first signal based on a first reference signal. The first DSC is also configured to provide the first signal via the first single line to the coupling of the first electrode of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes and simultaneously to sense the first signal via the first single line. Note that the sensing of the first signal includes detection of at least one of a first electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or a second electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the third electrodes. The first DSC is also configured to generate a first digital signal representative of the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or the second electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the third electrodes.

The second DSC is operably coupled via a second single line to a first electrode of the second electrodes. When enabled, the DSC configured to generate a second signal based on a second reference signal and to provide the second signal via the second single line to the first electrode of the second electrodes and simultaneously to sense the second signal via the second single line. Note that the sensing of the second signal includes detection of a third electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the second electrodes. The second DSC is also configured to generate a second digital signal representative of the third electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the second electrodes.

The third DSC is operably coupled via a third single line to a first electrode of the fourth electrodes. When enabled, the DSC configured to generate a third signal based on a third reference signal and to provide the third signal via the third single line to the first electrode of the fourth electrodes and simultaneously to sense the third signal via the third single line. Note that the sensing of the third signal includes detection of a fourth electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the fourth electrodes. The third DSC is also configured to generate a third digital signal representative of the fourth electrical characteristic of the first electrode of the fourth electrodes.

With respect to this embodiment 2300 of an extended touch sensor device and others herein that includes two or more panels or touchscreen displays, note that certain mechanisms may be used to facilitate discrimination between which particular panel is experiencing and interaction (e.g., such as with a user or any particular type). For example, consider this embodiment 2300 such the TSD includes a DSC operably coupled via a single line to a coupling of a first electrode of the first electrodes and a first electrode of the third electrodes. Any interaction with the TSD, and specifically any interaction with the first electrode of the first electrodes and/or a first electrode of the third electrodes, and/or the single line coupling to the coupling of the first electrode of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes will be detected by the DSC. However, by providing different impedances with respect to the first electrode of the first electrodes and the first electrode of the third electrodes, the DSC is configured to discriminate which of those respective electrodes is experiencing any interaction. For example, consider that the first electrode of the first electrodes includes a first impedance (e.g., resistance) that is much different than a second impedance of the first electrode of the third electrodes, then interaction with the first electrode of the first electrodes will be detected by the DSC differently than interaction with first electrode of the third electrodes. In an example of operation and implementation, the DSC is configured to detect interaction with the first electrode of the first electrodes by detecting a first change of impedance corresponding to a first value or first range, and the DSC is configured to detect interaction of the first electrode of the third electrodes by detecting a second change of impedance corresponding to a second value or second range.

In addition, consider that a first panel or touchscreen display includes electrodes having impedance within a first range, and a second panel or touchscreen display includes electrodes having impedance within a second range. Based on the different respective ranges of the impedances of the electrodes of the first and second panels or touchscreen displays, the one or more DSCs is configured to discriminate which of the first and second panels or touchscreen displays is experiencing interaction. In an example of operation and implementation, the one or more DSCs is configured to detect interaction with the first panel or touchscreen display by detecting a first change of impedance of one or more of the electrodes within the first panel or touchscreen display corresponding to a first value or first range, and the one or more DSCs is configured to detect interaction with the second panel or touchscreen display by detecting a second change of impedance of one or more of the electrodes within the second panel or touchscreen display corresponding to a second value or second range.

As described above, for example, an increase in self-capacitance (e.g., the capacitance of the electrode with respect to a reference (e.g., ground, etc.)) is indicative of a touch on the electrode of a user or other element. As another example, a decrease in mutual capacitance (e.g., the capacitance, C_(m), between a row electrode and a column electrode) is also indicative of a touch and/or presence of a user or other element near the electrodes. Generally speaking, any change in the impedance of the corresponding one or more electrodes may be interpreted as being a touch and/or presence of a user or other element near that corresponding one or more electrodes.

In addition, consider an implementation in which different electrodes have different impedances (e.g., different electrodes of different panels or touchscreen displays having different impedances), then the change of impedance based on a touch and/or presence of a user or other element near those one or more electrodes will be different depending upon which electrodes that touch and/or presence of the user or other element is made. For example, consider a first electrode having a first impedance, and the second electrode having a second impedance. These first and second electrodes may be implemented within different panels or touchscreen displays. A user or other element interaction with the first electrode will generate a first change of impedance of the first electrode, and a user or other element interaction with the second electrode will generate a second change of impedance of the second electrode. These respective changes of impedance will be based on the initial first and second impedance of the first and second electrodes, respectively. A DSC is configured to discriminate the different changes of impedance is corresponding to the first or second electrodes. Again, considering and implementation in which the first and second electrodes are implemented within different panels or touchscreen displays, a DSC is configured to discriminate which panel or touchscreen display, first or second, is being affected based on a touch and/or presence of a user or other element near it.

Note that different impedances of different electrodes, such as may be implemented within different panels or touchscreen displays, may be made in a variety of different ways. In one example, the first material of a first electrode is different than the material of a second electrode. For example, the first material corresponds to copper, and the second material corresponds to aluminum. By fabricating each of the first electrode and the second electrode of different materials having different electrical properties, each of the first electrode and the second electrode will have different impedances.

In another example, the first electrode and the second electrode are made of the same material but of different size, length, thickness, diameter, and/or some physical characteristic difference that causes the first electrode and the second electrode to have different electrical properties such that each of the first electrode and the second electrode will have different impedances.

In yet another example, the first electrode and the second electrode are implemented respectively within a first panel or touchscreen display and a second panel or touchscreen display. Consider that the first electrode and the second electrode generally have similar electrical properties, such as similar impedances. Consider an implementation in which the first panel or touchscreen display includes a first cover layer having a first thickness, and the second panel or touchscreen display includes a second cover layer having a second thickness. Given the differences in the thicknesses of the cover layer is over the first and second panels or touchscreen displays, as a user or other element interacts with the first electrode, a first change of impedance will be caused based on the first thickness of the first cover layer of the first panel or touchscreen display. However, as a user or other element interacts with the second electrode, a second change of impedance will be caused based on the second thickness of the second cover layer of the second panel or touchscreen display.

In yet another example, the first panel or touchscreen display and a second panel or touchscreen display are similar or substantially similar in all respects (e.g., certain characteristics such as size, resolution, number of electrodes, pitch between electrodes, and/or any other characteristics), yet the coupling (e.g., lines, cabling, ribbon cable, coupling, etc.) between the first panel or touchscreen display and the second panel or touchscreen display or the coupling (e.g., lines, cabling, ribbon cable, coupling, etc.) between the DSC and the second panel or touchscreen display has a different impedance (e.g., a larger impedance than the coupling (e.g., lines, cabling, ribbon cable, coupling, etc.) between the DSC and the first panel or touchscreen display. The different respective impedances between the first panel or touchscreen display and the second panel or touchscreen display, based on the difference in coupling provides yet another means by which differentiation of impedance may be implemented between a first panel or touchscreen display and a second panel or touchscreen display including one or more electrodes implemented within those first and second panels or touchscreen displays.

Regardless of the particular means by which differentiation of impedance is implemented within a first electrode of a first panel or touchscreen display and a second electrode of a second panel or touchscreen display, a DSC is configured to discriminate which panel or touchscreen display, first or second, is being affected based on a touch and/or presence of a user or other element near it given the different changes of the electrical characteristics that are detected as corresponding to the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display or the second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display.

FIG. 24A is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 2401 of an extended touch sensor device including signaling via respective sets of rows and columns in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has some similarities with the previous diagram with at least one difference being that the row electrodes and column electrodes are partitioned into respective sets of row electrodes and column electrodes that are respectively serviced by respective sets of DSCs 28 that are in communication with one or more processing modules 42. For example, a first one or more DSCs are implemented to service a first set of row electrodes or column electrodes, a second one or more DSCs are implemented to service a second set of row electrodes or column electrodes, and so on.

In this diagram, first one or more signaling is provided via a first set of row electrodes of the first panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device and also to a first set of row electrodes of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device. Similarly, second one or more signaling is provided via a second set of row electrodes of the first panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device and also to a second set of row electrodes of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device.

While transmission of the signals is made via the respective sets of row electrodes of the different panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are shared, reception of those signals, via capacitive coupling and into respective sets of column electrodes, is performed separately so as to facilitate disambiguation of the location of such capacitive coupling between the row electrodes and the column electrodes of the different respective sets of row electrodes and column electrodes.

FIG. 24B is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 2402 of an extended touch sensor device including signaling via respective sets of rows and columns in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has some similarities to the previous diagram with at least one but difference being that the signals that are driven via the respective row electrodes of the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are driven from both sides of the respective panels. For example, there may be implementations in which the panel is of a particular size, impedance, and/or of the other characteristic such that it is desirable to drive the different respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device from both ends (e.g., consider a high impedance panel that, when implemented in accordance with the prior art, necessarily requires driving from both sides of the panel). In a prior implementation in which such operation is desirable, driving the panel or touchscreen display from both sides, the board count and real estate consumption of such a device can be problematic.

The functionality and capability of the DSCs as described herein has capability to facilitate such operation with a significant reduction in board count and real estate consumption within the device.

FIG. 25 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 2500 of an extended touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. Many diagrams herein show transmission of the same signaling via one or more of row electrodes of two or more panels or touchscreen displays of a touch sensor device and detection of those signals via capacitive coupling into one or more column electrodes of those two or more panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. Note that the converse operation may be performed such that there is transmission of the same signaling via one or more column electrodes of the two or more panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device and detection of those signals via capacitive coupling into the one or more row electrodes of those two or more panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

This diagram shows the same signaling that is provided via the column electrodes of two respective panels or touchscreen displays of a touch sensor device. In this diagram, the touch sensor device includes two respective panels or touchscreen displays. The signals are transmitted on the column of the respective panels or touchscreen displays are shared, and there is separate receiving of those signals that may be detected via the row electrodes.

For example, a first signal is provided via a first electrode of the first panel of the touch sensor device and is also provided via a first electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device. In certain examples, this first electrode will be the left most column electrode of both panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. Similarly, a second signal is provided via a second electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device and is also provided via a second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device. In certain examples, this second electrode will be the second from top row electrode of both panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

While transmission of the signals is made via the row electrodes of the different panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are shared, reception of those signals, via capacitive coupling and into the column electrodes, is performed separately so as to facilitate disambiguation of the location of such capacitive coupling between the row electrodes and the column electrodes.

As can be seen on the right-hand side of the diagram, considering two respective interactions with the panel or touchscreen display as shown by the hashed circles, then a corresponding heat map representation showing the electrode crosspoint intersection may be generated by the one or more processing modules 42 interpreting the signals provided to it via the DSCs 28 that couple to the row and column electrodes. As can be seen, the respective locations of the interactions with the panel or touchscreen display are shown as corresponding with respect to the two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

For example, as shown with respect to FIG. 22B, note that mutual signaling may be performed within different ways including transmission of one or more mutual signals via row electrodes and detection of capacitive coupling of those signals into column electrodes via the column electrodes, or vice versa. For example, mutual signaling may alternatively be performed based on transmission of one or more mutual signals via column electrodes and detection of capacitive coupling of those signals into row electrodes via the row electrodes.

FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 2600 of an extended touch sensor device including variable resolution and interoperable sensor panels in accordance with the present invention. This diagram shows two respective panels or touchscreen displays that have a same number of row electrodes and column electrodes but are of different size. For example, the second panel or touchscreen display may include a same number of row electrodes and column electrodes as the first panel or touchscreen display, but the row electrodes and/or column electrodes of the second panel or touchscreen display may be of a different pitch or separation than the row electrodes and/or the column electrodes is different between the first and second panels or touchscreen displays. The resolution of the two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device may be variable, yet the two respective panels or touchscreen displays are interoperable with one another.

This diagram has certain similarities with respect to FIG. 23 with at least one difference being that the second panel or touchscreen display is of a different size than the first panel or touchscreen display. Note that the second panel or touchscreen display may be larger or smaller than the first panel or touchscreen display and various examples. For example, the second panel or touchscreen display may include a same number of row electrodes and column electrodes but be of a different pitch or separation between the row electrodes and the column electrodes is different between the first and second panels or touchscreen displays.

This diagram shows the same signaling that is provided via the row electrodes of two respective panels or touchscreen displays of a touch sensor device that are of different size, resolution, etc. In this diagram, the touch sensor device includes two respective panels or touchscreen displays. The signals are transmitted on the rows of the respective panels or touchscreen displays are shared, and there is separate receiving of those signals that may be detected via the column electrodes.

For example, a first signal is provided via a first electrode of the first panel of the touch sensor device and is also provided via a first electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device. In certain examples, this first electrode will be the top row electrode of both panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. Similarly, a second signal is provided via a second electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device and is also provided via a second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor device. In certain examples, this second electrode will be the second from top row electrode of both panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

While transmission of the signals is made via the row electrodes of the different panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are shared, reception of those signals, via capacitive coupling and into the column electrodes, is performed separately so as to facilitate disambiguation of the location of such capacitive coupling between the row electrodes and the column electrodes.

As can be seen on the right-hand side of the diagram, considering two respective interactions with the panel or touchscreen display as shown by the hashed circles, then a corresponding heat map representation showing the electrode crosspoint intersection may be generated by the one or more processing modules 42 interpreting the signals provided to it via the DSCs 28 that couple to the row and column electrodes. As can be seen, the respective locations of the interactions with the panel or touchscreen display are shown as corresponding with respect to the two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 2700 of an extended matrix touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. This diagram shows for panels or touchscreen displays of a touch sensor device. Signaling is shared between certain of the panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. For example, the same first signaling that is provided via the row electrodes of the top two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device, and the same second signaling that is provided via the row electrodes of the bottom two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

Similarly, detection of any capacitive coupling of the signals associated with the first signaling or the second signaling is made via the column electrodes of the left two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device and also via the column electrodes of the right to respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

As can be seen, a first set of DSCs 28 provides the same first signaling to the row electrodes of the top two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. A second set of DSCs 28 provide the same second signaling to the row electrodes of the bottom two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

A third set of DSCs 28 is coupled to the column electrodes of the left two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device, and a fourth set of DSCs 28 is coupled to the column electrodes of the right two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

Based on different respective signaling being provided to the different respective row electrodes in this configuration, disambiguation of interaction with the respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device may be made.

Consider four respective interactions with the panel touchscreen display as shown by the hashed circles, then a corresponding heat map representation showing the electrode crosspoint intersection may be generated by the one or more processing modules 42 interpreting the signals provided to it via the DSCs 28 that couple to the row and column electrodes of the four respective panels or touchscreen displays.

In an example of operation and implementation, consider the floor respective panels or touchscreen displays being numbered 1 2 3 4, such that 1 is the upper left-hand panel or touchscreen display, 2 is the upper right-hand panel or touchscreen display, 3 is the lower left-hand panel or touchscreen display, and 4 is the lower right-hand panel or touchscreen display. The panels or touchscreen displays 1 and 2 share the same transmission signals (TX1) that are provided to the respective rows of the panels or touchscreen displays 1 and 2, and the panels or touchscreen displays 3 and 4 share the same transmission signals (TX2) that are provided to the respective rows of the panels or touchscreen displays 3 and 4.

The panels or touchscreen displays 1 and 3 share the same receiving signals (RX1) for listening to the TX1 and/or TX2 signals that may be capacitively coupled into the column electrodes of the panels or touchscreen displays 1 and 3. Similarly, the panels or touchscreen displays 2 and 4 share the same receiving signals (RX2) for listening to the TX1 and/or TX2 signals that may be capacitively coupled into the column electrodes of the panels or touchscreen displays 2 and 4.

FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 2800 of an extended touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has some similarity to certain of the previous diagrams including FIG. 23 with at least one difference being that the panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are remotely located with respect to the circuitry that is implemented to effectuate transmission, reception, sensing, etc. of signals via the electrodes of the panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device (e.g., such as that shown by the DSCs 28, the one or more processing modules 42, etc.). Note that the distance between the panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device is a relatively long distance in certain examples. For example, the distance between the circuitry and the panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device may be greater than 1 meter (m), 2 m, 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 1 km, 2 km, or of an even greater distance in various implementations.

The functionality and capability of the DSCs as described herein has capability to drive and sense signals via extremely long lines. In comparison to prior art that require the circuitry that services the respective electrodes of a panel or touchscreen display to be implemented extremely close to the edge of the panel or touchscreen display (e.g., the measurement control electronics, circuitry, chips, etc. of prior art systems need to be placed as close to the panel or touchscreen display as possible), the use of DSCs as described herein facilitates locating the circuitry that services the electrodes of the panel or touchscreen display to be located remotely with respect to the panel or touchscreen display. In certain implementations, this has a variety of advantages and benefits over the prior art. For example, the panel or touchscreen display of the touch sensor may be located in an environment that is not particularly friendly to the circuitry that services the electrodes of the panel or touchscreen display. For example, the control electronics, circuitry, chips, etc. is exposed to the environment of the panel or touchscreen display (e.g., sunlight, rain, heat).

Such an environment may be of a particular level of humidity, temperature, pressure, vibration, etc. that may adversely affect the operation of the circuitry that services the electrodes of the panel or touchscreen display. In addition, such an environment may unfortunately provide exposure of the elements (e.g., extreme temperature, rain, snow, etc.) that also adversely affects the operation of the circuitry that services the electrodes of the panel or touchscreen display.

By using such circuitry as described herein, including the functionality and capability of the DSCs as described herein, the circuitry may be located remotely with respect to the panel or touchscreen display that is servicing.

Also, note that while many examples described herein show different respective panels or touchscreen displays as having similar construction at least with respect to the number of row electrodes and column electrodes included therein, even when they may be of different size, pitch, etc., note that similar functionality and operation may be performed with respect to panels or touchscreen displays having different construction at least with respect to different numbers of row electrodes and column electrodes included respectively therein. For example, a first panel or touchscreen display may include a first number of row electrodes and a second number of column electrodes while a second panel or touchscreen display may include a third number of row electrodes in a fourth number of column electrodes. Appropriate mapping between the first number of row electrodes and the third number of row electrodes, such as via one or more switching circuits, may be implemented to facilitate interoperability between the first panel or touchscreen display and a second panel or touchscreen display. Similarly, appropriate mapping between the second number of column electrodes in the fourth number of column electrodes, such as via one or more switching circuits, may be implemented to facilitate interoperability between the first panel or touchscreen display and a second panel or touchscreen display.

For example, consider a mapping between a first panel or touchscreen display that includes N row electrodes and a second panel or touchscreen display that includes 2N electrodes, such that N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. A mapping between the N and 2N row electrodes of the first and second panels or touchscreen displays may include mapping every row electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display to every other row electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display.

For example, consider a mapping between a first panel or touchscreen display that includes N row electrodes and a second panel or touchscreen display that includes 3N electrodes, such that N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. A mapping between the N and 3N row electrodes of the first and second panels or touchscreen displays may include mapping every row electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display to every third row electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display.

For example, consider a first panel or touchscreen display including a first number of electrodes that is greater than a second number of electrodes within a second panel or touchscreen display. In certain examples, the system will be implemented to service the first number of electrodes of the first panel or touchscreen display and also to service the second number of electrodes of the second panel or touchscreen display such that the second number of electrodes is serviced along with a subset of the first number of electrodes. In a specific example, consider that the first number electrodes includes double the number of the second number electrodes, then one-half of the first number electrodes will be serviced along with the second number of electrodes. The remaining electrodes within the first number electrodes will be serviced without being specifically tied or linked to the second number electrodes.

In a specific example, a device that includes a first panel or touchscreen display including a first number of electrodes that is greater than a second number of electrodes within a second panel or touchscreen display is implemented such that the first panel or touchscreen display is operative as a fine resolution sensor, and the second panel or texturing display is implemented as a coarse resolution sensor in comparison to the first panel or touchscreen display.

In another specific example, a device that includes a first panel or touchscreen display including a first number of electrodes that is greater than a second number of electrodes within a second panel or touchscreen display is implemented such that the first panel or touchscreen display is of a larger size than the second panel or touchscreen display such that both the first and the second panels or touchscreen displays have the same or substantially the same resolution (e.g., the difference in size between the first and second panels or touchscreen displays scales based on the difference in number between the first and second number of electrodes such that while each of the first and second panels or touchscreen displays includes a different number of electrodes, they nonetheless operate based on the same or substantially the same resolution).

Based on the number of respective row electrodes between the first and second panels or touchscreen displays, any appropriate and/or desired mapping between the electrodes of the first panel or touchscreen display and the second panel or touchscreen display may be made to facilitate operation of the first and second panels or touchscreen displays.

In addition, with respect to this diagram of others herein that are implemented such that the circuitry that services the electrodes of one or more panels or touch screen displays is remotely located with respect to the one or more panels or touchscreen displays themselves, this provides an improvement by reducing the amount of space by which the respective panels or touchscreen displays need to be space. For example, with respect to prior art systems in which the measurement control electronics, circuitry, chips, etc. of prior art systems need to be placed as close to the display or touchscreen display as possible, various aspects, embodiments, and/or examples of the invention (and/or their equivalents) did not have such a requirement, and the circuitry that services the electrodes of the one or more panels or touch screen displays may be remotely located with respect to the one or more panels or touchscreen displays themselves.

FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 2900 of a touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located and independently operable sensor panels in accordance with the present invention. This diagram shows multiple respective panels or touchscreen displays that are independently operable such that a corresponding set of DSCs 28 and another corresponding set of DSCs 28 service the row electrodes and column electrodes of each respective panel or touchscreen display independently. In addition, the circuitry that services these respective panels or touchscreen displays is remotely located with respect to each of these respective panels or touchscreen displays, and the respective panels or touchscreen displays are also remotely located with respect to one another.

With respect to the distance of separation between these various remotely located components, note that the distance or distances may be greater than 1 m, 2 m, 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 1 km, 2 km, or of an even greater distance in various implementations. Again, the functionality and capability of the DSCs as described herein has capability to drive and sense signals via extremely long lines thereby facilitating and enabling the remote location of the circuitry that services the respective electrodes of the panels or touchscreen displays from the panels or touchscreen displays themselves. The prior art does not support such functionality and requires circuitry that services the respective electrodes of the panels or touchscreen displays to be co-located, and adjacently located, etc. with respect to the panels are touchscreen displays themselves.

Certain of the prior diagrams operate based on extension of the touch sensor device using different respective panels or touchscreen displays that operate cooperatively one another to provide an extended panels or touchscreen displays. Certain of the following diagrams depict duplicated/mirrored panels or touchscreen displays of a touch sensor device. For example, by providing similar signaling to more than one panel or touchscreen display at a time, any interaction with any one of the panels are touchscreen displays may be detected based on one or more processing modules 42 interpreting the signals provided from the DSCs 20 a that service the respective electrodes of the panels are touchscreen displays. Such capability and functionality facilitates a number of advantages and new and novel modes of operation in comparison to the prior art. For example, consider a touchscreen display implementation in which two respective touchscreen displays show the same image or video, yet two different users interact respectively with the two respective touchscreen displays and their respective interaction is shown on a heat map representation showing the electrode crosspoint intersection of their interaction as well as showing any interaction by one or both of the users on the heat map representation.

FIG. 30 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 3000 of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device in accordance with the present invention. This diagram shows a first set of DSCs 28 in communication with the one or more processing modules 42 that is configured to service the row electrodes of the two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device and a second set of DSCs in communication with the one or more processing modules 42 that is configured to service the column electrodes of the two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

As can be seen, the very same signaling is provided respectively to the row electrodes and column electrodes of the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. Any interaction with either one of the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device is shown within the heat map representation shown on the lower right-hand portion of the diagram. In this diagram, there is a shared transmission on the rows of the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device, and there is also shared receiving on the columns of the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device.

In addition, with respect to this diagram and others herein, note that such an implementation is operative to support touchscreen device such that information corresponding to two or more panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are operable all to be running simultaneously based on the same channels thereby sending one packet of interaction data.

In an example of operation and implementation, a particular application may include a student and teacher working on the same screen interacting without crossing each other's space. This can facilitate both the student and teacher to be touching the exact same spot on the screen of their respective panels or touchscreen displays.

In addition, with respect to this diagram and others herein, note that one or more objects (e.g., not specifically associated with the user) could be place on one panel or touchscreen display, and user interaction with respect to another panel or touchscreen display may be operative to interact with the signaling data associated with the one or more objects placed on the mean one panel or touchscreen display.

Furthermore, consider an application in which one or more items are placed on a gaming table, and a panel are touchscreen display is available for user interaction such that the user interaction would facilitate interaction with the data associated with the one or more at the chip level. For example, such interaction with respect to a human interface descriptor (HID), would be provided at the physical/sensor/controller level and not at the operating system (OS) level of a touch sensor device.

FIG. 31 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 3100 of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has similarity to the previous diagram, FIG. 30, with at least one difference being that the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are remotely located with respect to the circuitry that services the respective row electrodes and column electrodes of the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device. In this diagram, the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are co-located, adjacently located, etc. with respect to one another and remotely located with respect to the circuitry that services them.

For example, the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device may be implemented such that they are co-located, adjacently located, etc. with respect to one another, such as with respect to an array (e.g., such as a video wall array that includes touch screen displays),

With respect to the distance of separation between these various remotely located components, note that the distance or distances may be greater than 1 m, 2 m, 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 1 km, 2 km, or of an even greater distance in various implementations. Again, the functionality and capability of the DSCs as described herein has capability to drive and sense signals via extremely long lines thereby facilitating and enabling the remote location of the circuitry that services the respective electrodes of the panels or touchscreen displays from the panels or touchscreen displays themselves. The prior art does not support such functionality and requires circuitry that services the respective electrodes of the panels or touchscreen displays to be co-located, and adjacently located, etc. with respect to the panels are touchscreen displays themselves.

FIG. 32 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 3200 of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has similarity to the previous diagrams, FIG. 30 and FIG. 31, with at least one difference being that the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are remotely located with respect to the circuitry that services the respective row electrodes and column electrodes of the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device and also that the two panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are remotely located with respect to one another.

Such an implementation may be suitable for a variety of applications. Consider a touch sensor device to include sensor capability included within different respective locations of a home, office, building, etc. Interaction with any one of the respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device may be detected by the touch sensor device. For example, consider different respective panels or touchscreen displays implemented to facilitate user interaction to perform any one or more of various operations corresponding to the operation of the home, office, building, etc. Examples of such operations may correspond to unlocking of the front door, opening or closing of a garage door, setting the temperature of a thermostat, turning lighting on or off for controlling the intensity thereof, opening or closing of a window, and/or any other operation corresponding to the operation of the home, office, building, etc.

In certain examples, different respective users interacting with different respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device that are implemented within different respective locations of the home, office, building, etc. is performed to facilitate the execution of such operations. In other examples, one or more users interacting with different respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device that are implemented within different respective locations of the home, office, building, etc. is performed to facilitate the execution of such operations at different respective times.

As described above, such as with respect to the embodiment 2300 of FIG. 23, certain implementations may include a first electrode and a second electrode that are implemented respectively within a first panel or touchscreen display and a second panel or touchscreen display. In an example of operation and implementation with respect to embodiment 3200 of FIG. 32, the first panel or touchscreen display is remotely located from the second panel or touchscreen display. Differentiation of the impedance of the first electrode within the first panel or touchscreen display and a second electrode within the second panel or touchscreen display may also be used to differentiate which particular panel or touchscreen display is experiencing interaction by a user or some other element. Consider an implementation in which the DSC is operably coupled via a single line to a coupling of a first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display and a second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display. In certain examples, the length of the line (e.g., the distance) between the coupling of this single line to the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display and the first electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display (e.g., the distance between the first panel or touchscreen display and the second panel or touchscreen display) provides the differentiation of impedance between the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display and the second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display. For example, that distance between the first panel or touchscreen display and the second panel or touchscreen display, and the corresponding impedance of the line or lines that connects the two panels or touchscreen displays to each other or from separate cables connecting the DSC to each panel or touchscreen display, provides differentiation of impedance between the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display and the second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display.

In an example of operation and implementation, a DSC servicing the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display and the second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display is configured to discriminate which respective panel or touchscreen display, first or second, is experiencing interaction by a user or some other elements based on this differentiation of impedance corresponding to the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display and the second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display. This represents yet another example by which differentiation between the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display and the second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display may be made so as to facilitate discrimination by a DSC that services both the first electrode and the second electrode of the first and second panels or touchscreen displays, respectively.

Again, regardless of the particular means by which differentiation of impedance is implemented within a first electrode of a first panel or touchscreen display and a second electrode of a second panel or touchscreen display, a DSC is configured to discriminate which panel or touchscreen display, first or second, is being affected based on a touch and/or presence of a user or other element near it given the different changes of the electrical characteristics that are detected as corresponding to the first electrode of the first panel or touchscreen display or the second electrode of the second panel or touchscreen display.

FIG. 33 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment 3300 of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device based on a distributed architecture for remotely located sensor panels in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has similarity to the previous diagram, FIG. 33, showing that the multiple panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are remotely located with respect to the circuitry that services the respective row electrodes and column electrodes of the respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device and also that the respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device are remotely located with respect to one another. As shown by the ellipses between the second and third panels or touchscreen displays, any desired number of panels or touchscreen displays may be implemented with in such an embodiment 3300 (e.g., 3, 4, 5, or more).

FIG. 34 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment 3400 of a duplicated/mirrored touch sensor device including variable resolution and interoperable sensor panels in accordance with the present invention. This diagram has similarity to one of the previous diagrams, FIG. 30, with at least one difference being that the second panel or touchscreen display is of a different size than the first panel or touchscreen display. Note that the second panel or touchscreen display may be larger or smaller than the first panel or touchscreen display and various examples. For example, the second panel or touchscreen display may include a same number of row electrodes and column electrodes as the first panel or touchscreen display, but the row electrodes and/or column electrodes of the second panel or touchscreen display may be of a different pitch or separation than the row electrodes and/or the column electrodes is different between the first and second panels or touchscreen displays. For example, when comparing the panels or touchscreen displays, one of the panels or touchscreen displays may have a course sensitivity, while the other may have a fine sensitivity. The resolution of the two respective panels or touchscreen displays of the touch sensor device may be variable, yet the two respective panels or touchscreen displays are interoperable with one another.

Also, note that any of the various aspects, embodiments, and/or examples of the invention (and/or their equivalents) may be implemented using panels or touchscreen devices of the same or different size, same or different resolution, same or different numbers of row electrodes and/or column electrodes, same or different patterns of electrodes, etc.

It is noted that terminologies as may be used herein such as bit stream, stream, signal sequence, etc. (or their equivalents) have been used interchangeably to describe digital information whose content corresponds to any of a number of desired types (e.g., data, video, speech, text, graphics, audio, etc. any of which may generally be referred to as ‘data’).

As may be used herein, the terms “substantially” and “approximately” provides an industry-accepted tolerance for its corresponding term and/or relativity between items. For some industries, an industry-accepted tolerance is less than one percent and, for other industries, the industry-accepted tolerance is 10 percent or more. Other examples of industry-accepted tolerance range from less than one percent to fifty percent. Industry-accepted tolerances correspond to, but are not limited to, component values, integrated circuit process variations, temperature variations, rise and fall times, thermal noise, dimensions, signaling errors, dropped packets, temperatures, pressures, material compositions, and/or performance metrics. Within an industry, tolerance variances of accepted tolerances may be more or less than a percentage level (e.g., dimension tolerance of less than +/−1%). Some relativity between items may range from a difference of less than a percentage level to a few percent. Other relativity between items may range from a difference of a few percent to magnitude of differences.

As may also be used herein, the term(s) “configured to”, “operably coupled to”, “coupled to”, and/or “coupling” includes direct coupling between items and/or indirect coupling between items via an intervening item (e.g., an item includes, but is not limited to, a component, an element, a circuit, and/or a module) where, for an example of indirect coupling, the intervening item does not modify the information of a signal but may adjust its current level, voltage level, and/or power level. As may further be used herein, inferred coupling (i.e., where one element is coupled to another element by inference) includes direct and indirect coupling between two items in the same manner as “coupled to”.

As may even further be used herein, the term “configured to”, “operable to”, “coupled to”, or “operably coupled to” indicates that an item includes one or more of power connections, input(s), output(s), etc., to perform, when activated, one or more its corresponding functions and may further include inferred coupling to one or more other items. As may still further be used herein, the term “associated with”, includes direct and/or indirect coupling of separate items and/or one item being embedded within another item.

As may be used herein, the term “compares favorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., provides a desired relationship. For example, when the desired relationship is that signal 1 has a greater magnitude than signal 2, a favorable comparison may be achieved when the magnitude of signal 1 is greater than that of signal 2 or when the magnitude of signal 2 is less than that of signal 1. As may be used herein, the term “compares unfavorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., fails to provide the desired relationship.

As may be used herein, one or more claims may include, in a specific form of this generic form, the phrase “at least one of a, b, and c” or of this generic form “at least one of a, b, or c”, with more or less elements than “a”, “b”, and “c”. In either phrasing, the phrases are to be interpreted identically. In particular, “at least one of a, b, and c” is equivalent to “at least one of a, b, or c” and shall mean a, b, and/or c. As an example, it means: “a” only, “b” only, “c” only, “a” and “b”, “a” and “c”, “b” and “c”, and/or “a”, “b”, and “c”.

As may also be used herein, the terms “processing module”, “processing circuit”, “processor”, “processing circuitry”, and/or “processing unit” may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operational instructions. The processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry, and/or processing unit may be, or further include, memory and/or an integrated memory element, which may be a single memory device, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of another processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry, and/or processing unit. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry, and/or processing unit includes more than one processing device, the processing devices may be centrally located (e.g., directly coupled together via a wired and/or wireless bus structure) or may be distributedly located (e.g., cloud computing via indirect coupling via a local area network and/or a wide area network). Further note that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry and/or processing unit implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory and/or memory element storing the corresponding operational instructions may be embedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. Still further note that, the memory element may store, and the processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry and/or processing unit executes, hard coded and/or operational instructions corresponding to at least some of the steps and/or functions illustrated in one or more of the Figures. Such a memory device or memory element can be included in an article of manufacture.

One or more embodiments have been described above with the aid of method steps illustrating the performance of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries and sequence of these functional building blocks and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries and sequences can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships are appropriately performed. Any such alternate boundaries or sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claims. Further, the boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries could be defined as long as the certain significant functions are appropriately performed. Similarly, flow diagram blocks may also have been arbitrarily defined herein to illustrate certain significant functionality.

To the extent used, the flow diagram block boundaries and sequence could have been defined otherwise and still perform the certain significant functionality. Such alternate definitions of both functional building blocks and flow diagram blocks and sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claims. One of average skill in the art will also recognize that the functional building blocks, and other illustrative blocks, modules and components herein, can be implemented as illustrated or by discrete components, application specific integrated circuits, processors executing appropriate software and the like or any combination thereof.

In addition, a flow diagram may include a “start” and/or “continue” indication. The “start” and “continue” indications reflect that the steps presented can optionally be incorporated in or otherwise used in conjunction with one or more other routines. In addition, a flow diagram may include an “end” and/or “continue” indication. The “end” and/or “continue” indications reflect that the steps presented can end as described and shown or optionally be incorporated in or otherwise used in conjunction with one or more other routines. In this context, “start” indicates the beginning of the first step presented and may be preceded by other activities not specifically shown. Further, the “continue” indication reflects that the steps presented may be performed multiple times and/or may be succeeded by other activities not specifically shown. Further, while a flow diagram indicates a particular ordering of steps, other orderings are likewise possible provided that the principles of causality are maintained.

The one or more embodiments are used herein to illustrate one or more aspects, one or more features, one or more concepts, and/or one or more examples. A physical embodiment of an apparatus, an article of manufacture, a machine, and/or of a process may include one or more of the aspects, features, concepts, examples, etc. described with reference to one or more of the embodiments discussed herein. Further, from figure to figure, the embodiments may incorporate the same or similarly named functions, steps, modules, etc. that may use the same or different reference numbers and, as such, the functions, steps, modules, etc. may be the same or similar functions, steps, modules, etc. or different ones.

Unless specifically stated to the contra, signals to, from, and/or between elements in a figure of any of the figures presented herein may be analog or digital, continuous time or discrete time, and single-ended or differential. For instance, if a signal path is shown as a single-ended path, it also represents a differential signal path. Similarly, if a signal path is shown as a differential path, it also represents a single-ended signal path. While one or more particular architectures are described herein, other architectures can likewise be implemented that use one or more data buses not expressly shown, direct connectivity between elements, and/or indirect coupling between other elements as recognized by one of average skill in the art.

The term “module” is used in the description of one or more of the embodiments. A module implements one or more functions via a device such as a processor or other processing device or other hardware that may include or operate in association with a memory that stores operational instructions. A module may operate independently and/or in conjunction with software and/or firmware. As also used herein, a module may contain one or more sub-modules, each of which may be one or more modules.

As may further be used herein, a computer readable memory includes one or more memory elements. A memory element may be a separate memory device, multiple memory devices, or a set of memory locations within a memory device. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, a quantum register or other quantum memory and/or any other device that stores data in a non-transitory manner. Furthermore, the memory device may be in a form of a solid-state memory, a hard drive memory or other disk storage, cloud memory, thumb drive, server memory, computing device memory, and/or other non-transitory medium for storing data. The storage of data includes temporary storage (i.e., data is lost when power is removed from the memory element) and/or persistent storage (i.e., data is retained when power is removed from the memory element). As used herein, a transitory medium shall mean one or more of: (a) a wired or wireless medium for the transportation of data as a signal from one computing device to another computing device for temporary storage or persistent storage; (b) a wired or wireless medium for the transportation of data as a signal within a computing device from one element of the computing device to another element of the computing device for temporary storage or persistent storage; (c) a wired or wireless medium for the transportation of data as a signal from one computing device to another computing device for processing the data by the other computing device; and (d) a wired or wireless medium for the transportation of data as a signal within a computing device from one element of the computing device to another element of the computing device for processing the data by the other element of the computing device. As may be used herein, a non-transitory computer readable memory is substantially equivalent to a computer readable memory. A non-transitory computer readable memory can also be referred to as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.

While particular combinations of various functions and features of the one or more embodiments have been expressly described herein, other combinations of these features and functions are likewise possible. The present disclosure is not limited by the particular examples disclosed herein and expressly incorporates these other combinations. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A touch sensor device comprising: a first panel that includes a first electrode; a second panel that includes a second electrode; and a drive-sense circuit (DSC) operably coupled via a single line to a coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein, when enabled, the DSC configured to: generate a signal based on a reference signal; provide the signal via the single line to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode and simultaneously to sense the signal via the single line, wherein sensing of the signal includes detection of at least one of a first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or a second electrical characteristic of the second electrode; and generate a digital signal representative of the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or the second electrical characteristic of the second electrode.
 2. The touch sensor device of claim 1 further comprising: memory that stores operational instructions; and one or more processing modules operably coupled to the DSC and the memory, wherein, when enabled, the one or more processing modules configured to execute the operational instructions to process the digital signal to determine at least one of interaction or location of at least one of a user or an object with the touch sensor device.
 3. The touch sensor device of claim 2, wherein: the first panel or the second panel is located at a first location; the DSC is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location; and the one or more processing modules is located at a third location that is remotely located from the first location and the second location.
 4. The touch sensor device of claim 1, wherein the first panel is located at a first location, and the second panel is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location.
 5. The touch sensor device of claim 1, wherein the first panel or the second panel is located at a first location, and the DSC is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location.
 6. The touch sensor device of claim 1 further comprising: a first panel that includes a first plurality of electrodes, which includes the first electrode, arranged in a first direction and a second plurality of electrodes arranged in a second direction; and a second panel that includes a third plurality of electrodes, which includes the second electrode, arranged in a third direction and a fourth plurality of electrodes arranged in a fourth direction.
 7. The touch sensor device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode is a button.
 8. The touch sensor device of claim 1, wherein: the first electrode is a first button within a first matrix of buttons or a first array of buttons; and the second electrode is a second button within a second matrix of buttons or a second array of buttons.
 9. The touch sensor device of claim 1, wherein the DSC further comprises: a power source circuit operably coupled to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode via the single line, wherein, when enabled, the power source circuit is configured to provide the signal that includes an analog signal via the single line, and wherein the analog signal includes at least one of a DC (direct current) component or an oscillating component; and a power source change detection circuit operably coupled to the power source circuit, wherein, when enabled, the power source change detection circuit is configured to: detect an effect on the analog signal that is based on the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or the second electrical characteristic of the second electrode; and generate the digital signal that is representative of the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or the second electrical characteristic of the second electrode.
 10. The touch sensor device of claim 9 further comprising: the power source circuit including a power source to source at least one of a voltage or a current to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode via the single line; and the power source change detection circuit including: a power source reference circuit configured to provide at least one of a voltage reference or a current reference; and a comparator configured to compare the at least one of the voltage or the current provided to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode to the at least one of the voltage reference or the current reference to produce the analog signal.
 11. A touch sensor device comprising: a first panel that includes a first electrode; a second panel that includes a second electrode; and a drive-sense circuit (DSC) operably coupled via a single line to a coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein, when enabled, the DSC configured to provide a signal via the single line to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode and simultaneously to sense the signal via the single line, wherein sensing of the signal includes detection of at least one of a first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or a second electrical characteristic of the second electrode.
 12. The touch sensor device of claim 11, wherein, when enabled, the DSC is further configured to: generate the signal based on a reference signal; and generate a digital signal representative of the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or the second electrical characteristic of the second electrode.
 13. The touch sensor device of claim 12 further comprising: memory that stores operational instructions; and one or more processing modules operably coupled to the DSC and the memory, wherein, when enabled, the one or more processing modules configured to execute the operational instructions to process the digital signal to determine at least one of interaction or location of at least one of a user or an object with the touch sensor device.
 14. The touch sensor device of claim 13, wherein: the first panel or the second panel is located at a first location; the DSC is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location; and the one or more processing modules is located at a third location that is remotely located from the first location and the second location.
 15. The touch sensor device of claim 11, wherein the first panel is located at a first location, and the second panel is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location.
 16. The touch sensor device of claim 11, wherein the first panel or the second panel is located at a first location, and the DSC is located at a second location that is remotely located from the first location.
 17. The touch sensor device of claim 11 further comprising: a first panel that includes a first plurality of electrodes, which includes the first electrode, arranged in a first direction and a second plurality of electrodes arranged in a second direction; and a second panel that includes a third plurality of electrodes, which includes the second electrode, arranged in a third direction and a fourth plurality of electrodes arranged in a fourth direction.
 18. The touch sensor device of claim 11, wherein at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode is a button.
 19. The touch sensor device of claim 11, wherein the DSC further comprises: a power source circuit operably coupled to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode via the single line, wherein, when enabled, the power source circuit is configured to provide the signal that includes an analog signal via the single line, and wherein the analog signal includes at least one of a DC (direct current) component or an oscillating component; and a power source change detection circuit operably coupled to the power source circuit, wherein, when enabled, the power source change detection circuit is configured to: detect an effect on the analog signal that is based on the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or the second electrical characteristic of the second electrode; and generate a digital signal that is representative of the at least one of the first electrical characteristic of the first electrode or the second electrical characteristic of the second electrode.
 20. The touch sensor device of claim 19 further comprising: the power source circuit including a power source to source at least one of a voltage or a current to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode via the single line; and the power source change detection circuit including: a power source reference circuit configured to provide at least one of a voltage reference or a current reference; and a comparator configured to compare the at least one of the voltage or the current provided to the coupling of the first electrode and the second electrode to the at least one of the voltage reference or the current reference to produce the analog signal. 